Physics Momentum Terms

What does Newton’s 3rd Law of Motion state?

,"For every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction."

Describe the forces involved in Newton’s 3rd Law.

Forced Applied(action)

Force that results(reaction)

What is the formula relating impulse and change in momentum?

FΔt = mΔv

What is impulse?

Force exerted during a specific time interval.

What is momentum?

The product of an object’s mass and velocity. When a mass moves w/ a certain velocity. (p = mv)

What does the Law of Conservation of Momentum state?

The total momentum before a collision equals the total momentum after the collision.

"If the mass of an object doubles, what happens to its momentum?"

The momentum doubles.

"If the velocity of a mass is halved, what happens to its momentum?"

The momentum is halved.

What’s the difference between linear momentum and angular momentum?

Linear momentum deals with straight-line motion and collisions.

Angular momentum deals with spinning or rotational motion.

What’s the difference between an elastic collision and a completely inelastic collision?

Elastic: All energy transfers; objects bounce apart.

Completely inelastic: Objects stick together after colliding.

Most collisions are considered inelastic.

What does the Law of Universal Gravitation state?

The force of gravitation between two objects depends on the product of their masses divided by the square of the distance between them.

Describe the relationship between gravitational force and masses involved.

"Direct relationship — as mass increases, gravitational force increases. Fg = G * (m1 * m2) / r²"

Describe the relationship between gravitational force and distance between two masses.

As the distance increases, gravitational force decreases rapidly by the square of the distance. (Fg ∝ 1 / r²)"