Med Terms Ch 14 Study Flashcards

what is the term for the production of antibodies and lymphocytes in response to exposure to an antigen

adaptive immunity

what is the term for a mass of lymphatic tissue in the nasopharynx

adenoids

what is the term for a disorder in which the immune system is suppressed, or deficient, by exposure to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)

AIDS, acquired immune deficiency syndrome

what is the term for a substance capable of causing allergy or a specific hypersensitivity reaction in the body

allergen

what is the prefix for the word “again, anew”

ana-

what is the term for an exaggerated, unusual or extraordinary hypersensitivity reaction to a foreign protein which is marked by hypotension, shock, respiratory distress

anaphlaxis

what is the term for a component of the immune system that is a protein secreted by B cells

antibody

what is the term for a substance that the body recognizes as a foreign and evokes an immune response (ex. toxins)

antigen

what is the term for an absence of the spleen, which may be congenital or result from surgical removal

asplenia

what is the term for a hypersensitivity, or allergic state, involing hereditary predisposition

atopy

what is the term for a chronic, disabling disease in which the body produces antibodies against its own

autoimmune disease

what is the term for a collection of lymph nodes (tissue) in or under the armpit

exillary nodes

what is the term for lymphocytes that originate in bone marrow and transform into plasma cells and secrete antibodies

B cell , B lymphocyte

what is the term for something that produces lymphocytes and monocytes and all other blood cells (lymph nodes are not concentrated in this area)

bone marrow

what is the term for a computerized xray imaging in the transverse plane

CT scan, computerized tomography

what is the term for a yeast-like fungal infection with overgrowth of organisms in the mouth (thrush), respiratory track, and skin

candidiasis

what is the term for an immune response in which T cell lymphocytes destory antigens

cell mediated immunity

what is the term for lymph nodes in the neck region

cervical nodes

what is the term for proteins in the body that help antibodies and kill their target

complement system

what is the term for a yeast-like function infection associated with AIDS, which causes lung, brain, and blood infections, and this organism is found in pigeon droppings, air water, soil

cryptococcosis

what is the term for a one-celled parasite that causes infection of the gastrointestinal tract, brain, spinal cord

cryptosporidiosis

what is the term for proteins that aid and regulate the immune response

cytokines

what is the term for a virus that causes enteritis and retinitis, and is found in semen, saliva, urine, feces, blood, and breast milk

CMV, cytomegalovirus infection

what is the term for T lymphocytes that directly kill foreign cells: CD8+ or T8 cells

cytotoxic T cells

what is the term for a cell (specialized macrophage) that digests foreign cells and helps B and T cells recognize and mark antigens for destruction

dendritic cell

what is the term that stands for “enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay”, which is a test used to detect anti-HIV antibodies

ELISA

what is the term that stands for Hodgkin Disease, which is a malignancy of lymph nodes and spleen, and Reed-Sternberg cell is identified in bone marrow

HD

what is the term for T4 lymphocyte cells that aid B cells in recognizing antigens and stimulating antibody production, and are white blood cells that are destroyed by HIV

helper T cell (CD4+ T cell)

what is the term for a combination of drugs effective against AIDS

HAART, highly active antiretroviral therapy

what is the term for a fungal infection caused by inhalation of dust contaminated with Histoplasma capsulatum, whose symptoms include fever, chills, and lung infection

histoplasmosis

what is the term for the virus which causes AIDS

HIV, human immunodeficiency virus

what is the term for a malignant tumor of lymph nodes and spleen marked by Reed-Sternberg cell identified in lymph nodes

hodgkin disease

what is the term for the viral disease known for small blisters on skin, lips, nose, and genitals and is also an opportunistic infection associated with AIDS

herpes; caused by HSV, herpes simplex virus

what is the term for an immune response in which B cells transform into plasma cells and secrete antibodies

humoral immunity

what is the term for a syndrome marked by enlargement of the spleen and associated with anemia, leukopenia, and anemia

hypersplenism

what is the term for proteins produced naturally by B cell lymphocytes in response to antigen stimulation

immunoglobins, antibodies

what is the abbreviation for the antibody immunoglobulin A

IgA

what is the abbreviation for the antibody immunoglobulin D

IgD

what is the abbreviation for the antibody immunoglobulin E

IgE

what is the abbreviation for the antibody immunoglobulin G

IgG

what is the abbreviation for the antibody immunoglobulin M

IgM

what is the term for the proteins (cytokines) that stimulate growth of B or T cell lymphocytes

IL-1 to IL-15

what is the combining form for the word “protection”

immun/o

what is the term for the body’s capacity to resist foreign organisms and toxins (ex. humoral and cell-mediated immunity)

immune response

what is the term for the body’s ability to resist foreign organisms and toxins (immune response)

immunity

what is the term for the test to separate immunoglobulins

immunoelectrophoresis

what is the term for antibody produced by plasma cells that act to protect the body by destroying

immunoglobulin protein

what is the term for antibodies that are secreted by plasma cells in response to the presence of an antigen (ex. IgA, IgA, IgE)

immunoglobulins

what is the term for repression (stopping) of the immune response

immunosuppression

what is the term for the use of immune cells and monoclonal antibodies, or vaccines to treat and prevent disease

immunotherapy

what is the term for a collection of lymph tissue in the groin

inguinal nodes

what is the combining form for the word “between”

inter

what is the term for proteins (cytokines) produced by T cell lymphocytes to aid and regulate the immune response

interferons

what is the term for proteins (cytokines) that stimulate the grown of B and T lymphocytes

interleukins

interferons and interleukins are BEST described as

antiviral proteins produced by T cell lymphocytes

what is the term for “pertains to the fluid that is found in the spaces between cells” including lymphatic vessels and surrounding tissues throughout the body, and becomes lymph fluid when it enter lymph capillaries

interstitial fluid

what is the term for a malignant tumor associated with AIDS which arises from the lining of cells of capillaries and produces purplish skin nodules

KS, kaposi sarcoma

what is the term for a thin, watery fluid found within lymphatic vessels

lymph

what is the term for the tiniest lymphatic vessels

lymph capillaries

what is the term for a stationary, solid lymphatic tissue located along a lymph vessel

lymph node

what is the term for a carrier of lymph throughout the body

lymph vessel

what is the combining form for the word “lymph”

lymph/o

what is the combining form for the word “lymph node”

lymphaden/o

what is the term for an inflammation of lymph glands (nodes)

lymphadenitis

what is the term for the disease of lymph glands (nodes)

lymphadenopathy

what is the term for swelling of tissue due to accumulation of lymph fluid in intercellular spaces, often caused by lymph vessel obstruction

lymphedema

what is the term for a component of the immune system that is a white blood cell of two types: C cells and T cells

lymphocytes

what is the term for a deficiency of lymphocytes in the blood

lymphocytopenia

what is the term for a slight increase in numbers of lymphocytes, abnormal condition

lymphocytosis

what is the term which is derived from lymph tissue

lymphoid

what is the term for tissues that produce lymphocytes and through which lymph travels — spleen, thymus, tonsils, adenoids

lymphoid organs

what is the term for a malignant tumor of lymph nodes and tissues

lymphoma

what is the term for a formation of lymph

lymphopoiesis

what is the term for a large phagocyte found in lymph nodes and other tissues of the body

macrophage

what is the term for lymph nodes in the area between the lungs in the thoracic cavity

mediastinal nodes

what is the term for lymph nodes in the mesentery

mesenteric nodes

what is the term for an antibody produced in a laboratory by cloning techniques to attack antigen and destroy cells, which is used in cancer treatment and immunotherapy

MOAB, monoclonal antibodies

what is the term for an antibody produced in a laboratory to attack antigens and to destroy cells; useful in immunotherapy

monoclonal antibody

what is the term for a component of the immune system that is the largest white blood cell, a phagocyte with a horseshoe-shaped nucleus

monocytes

what is the term for a bacterial disease manifesting with fever, malaise, night sweats, diarrhea, lung, and blood infections

MAI, mycobacterium avium-intracellular infection

what is the term for an individual’s own genetic ability/protection that’s inherited to fight infection

natural immunity

what is the term for lymphocytes that recognize and destroy foreign cells and antigens by releasing cytotoxins

NK cells, natural killer cells, killer T cells

what is the term for a group of infectious diseases associated with AIDS

opportunistic infections

what is the term for lymph nodes near the aorta in the lumbar area of the body

para-aortic nodes

what is the term for a component of the immune system which is a type of cell capable of engulfing and absorbing bacteria and other small cells and particles
(ex. monocytes/macrophages and neutrophils)

phagocytes

what is the term for a lymphocyte that is transformed from B cells that produces and secretes antibodies

plasma cell

what is the term for a small colorless disk-shaped cell fragment without a nucleus, found in large numbers in blood and involved in clotting

platelet

what is the term for a fungal infection associated with immunocompromised persons that may cause pneumonitis, which is a major lung infection with fever, cough, chest pain, and sputum and is treated with trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (septra, bactrim); this fungus may cause hepatitis and encephalitis

PCP, pneumocystis jiroveci (carinii) pneumonia

what is the term for a drug that is used to treat AIDS by blocking the production of an enzyme

protease inhibitor

what is the term for a large lymphatic vessel in the chest that receives lymph from the upper right portion of the body

right lymphatic duct

what is the term for a drug that destroys an enzyme necessary for the AIDS virus to replicate

RTI, reverse transcriptase inhibitor

what is the term for an abdominal organ that filters erythrocytes and activates lymphocytes, which produces, stores, and eliminates blood cells

spleen

what is the combining form for the word “spleen”

splen/o

what is the term for the removal of the spleen

splenectomy

what is the term for an enlargement of the spleen

splenomegaly

what is the term for T cell lymphocytes that inhibit the activity of B cell lymphocytes

T reg, suppressor T cell

what is the term for white blood cells formed in the thymus gland that can directly kill cells, including host cells, by hand-to-hand combat or produce chemicals that destroy antigens (they include helper cells, suppressor cells, cytotoxic cells)

T cell lymphoctyes

what is the term for a large lymphatic vessel in the chest that receives lymph from below the diaphragm and from the left side of the body above the diaphragm, and empties lymph into veins in the upper chest

thoracic duct

what is the term for a decifiency of platelets in the blood

thrombocytopenia

what is the combining form for the word “thymuc gland”

thym/o