connective tissues

Matrix vs ground substance

Matrix is composed of both ground substances and fibers. (The blast cells give birth to matrix)

Ground substances is commonly a gel-like meterial that function to hold fluid

Characteristics of connective tissue

Relatively few cells, lots of extracellular matrix.

Extracellular matrix composed of ground substances and fiber.

Extracellular matrix is produced by cells of the connective tissue

Embryonic origin.

What are the main classes of connective tissues?

Connective tissue proper

Cartilage

Bone tissue

Blood

Fibroblasts (fibrocyte = dead fibroblast)

The most abundant cells in a proper connective tissue. They are responsible for synthesizing and secreting the extracellular matrix and collagen fibers.

Chondroblasts (chondrocyte = dead chondroblasts)

Most abundant cell in a cartilage connective tissue. It secretes the extracellular matrix.

Osteoblasts

Are the most abundant cells in the bone connective tissue. It secretes the extracellular matrix.

Blood connective tissue

Cell in blood are an exception, they do not produce the plasma of the blood.

Additional cell types in connective tissue

Fat cell (Adipocytes): stores nutrient, the nucleus and cytoplasm are flat at one of the droplet side.

White blood cell: protects against infections.

Mast cells: promote healing

Macrophages: eats a wide variety of foreign material.

What are the three fibers found in connective tissue?

Collagen fiber: pink and thickest

Reticular fibers: purple/black——median thick

and elastic fiber: black——fine thick

Collagen fibers

Are the strongest and most abundant type of fiber in connective tissues. It resists tension and contributes strength to a connective tissues.

Reticular fibers (form part of the basement membraneof epithelial)

Are bundles of a special type of collagen fiber. It covers and supports the structures bordering the connective tissue. The capillaries are coated with reticular fibers.

Elastic fiber

Contains rubber rubberlike proteins, which allows the fiber to stretch and recoil bact to its original form.

Ground substance

Produced ans secreted by primary cell type of the connective tissue. In most connective tissue is a gel-like material, it resists compression.

In bone tissue, the ground substance is calcified.

Connective tissue proper two subclasses?

Loose connective tissue: fibers are distributed throughout the tissue but separated from each othe by ground substances

Dense connective tissue: contains more collagen than areolar. It can resist extremely strong pulling forces and fibers and close together

Ligament

Bands of sheets that bind bones to one another.

Cartilage connective tissue

A firm but flexible tissue, occurs in several part of the skeleton. It forms the supporting ring of the trachea and gives shape to the nose ans ears.

Lacuna ( lacunae) looks like a white sphere spot.

It's a space or cavity in the extracellular matrix the chondrocyste(dead chondroblats cell) resides.

Hyaline cartilage, elastic cartilage, and fibrocartilage.

These are three types or cartilage.

Bone tissue

Has tremendous ability to support and protect body structures. The dead osteoblast (osteocytes) inhibit cavities (lacunae )

Osteon

Microscopic, cylindrical structure that runs parallel to the long axis of the bone. From a transverse plane it looks like a flower.

Canaliculi

Radiating channels or cracks that link adjacent lacunae. This cracks brings oxygen, nutrients to the osteocytes inside the lacunae cavities.

Lacunae

Small cavities where osteocytes reside in.

Lamelae

Are like the ring of s tree. They around the osteon.

Blood connective tissue

It does not bind things together or give mechanical support.

Erythrocyte

Red blood cell

Leukocytes

Commonly known as white blood cells.

Platelet

No complete cells that helps to stop bleeding by clocking the wounds.

What are the three types of lining membrane?

Cutaneous: cover the body surface.

mucous: line body cavities that are open to the exterior.

serous: line body cavities that are closed to the exterior.

Lymphocytes

They protect against inflation.