Energy Catabolism

These flashcards cover key concepts related to Energy Catabolism, including definitions, processes, and important biochemical roles.

What is catabolism?

A process where larger molecules are broken down into smaller ones, releasing energy and oxidizing substrates.

Where do many catabolic processes occur?

In the mitochondria.

What carries energy in its phosphoric anhydride bonds?

ATP (Adenosine Triphosphate).

What are the two reduced forms of the coenzymes NAD and FAD?

NADH and FADH2.

What is the first stage of catabolism?

Digestion, where nutrients are hydrolyzed into smaller energy-producing biomolecules.

What occurs during the Citric Acid Cycle?

Acetyl-CoA is oxidized to CO2 while reducing NAD+ and FAD.

What is oxidative phosphorylation?

The synthesis of ATP from ADP and phosphate using energy released in the electron transport chain.

What is the function of ATP synthase?

To synthesize ATP from ADP and inorganic phosphate using the energy from the H+ ion gradient.

What is the net reaction of the electron transport chain?

½ O2 + NADH + H+ → H2O + NAD+; this reaction is highly exergonic.

How many ATP can be generated from one Acetyl-CoA?

10 ATP.