Blood & Lymphatic System Infections

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6 Terms

1
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Know the importance of the cardiovascular system, blood, and the main constituents of blood (RBC’s, WBC,s & platelets) 

  • Cardiovascular systems supply nutrients and oxygen to cells and remove waste. Infections can go systemic- carries throughout the body (septicemia) 

  • RBCs: carry oxy and waste, WBCs immune system cells, platelets clogging

2
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Know what systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) is and what causes it 

  • Dangerous whole-body inflammation triggered by vasodilation which causes the septic shock because the blood pressure decreases. 

3
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Know what lymphangitis and lymphadenitis are and how they present 

  • Lymphadenitis: inflammation of lymph nodes 

  • Lymphangitis: inflammation in the lymphatic vessels

4
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Know the difference between sepsis/septicemia and septic shock (also toxemia and toxic shock) 

  • sepsis/septicemia: contaminated blood (infection) 

  • Septic shock: the rapid systemic, dramatic drop in blood pressure 

  • Toxic shock: rapid systemic drop in blood pressure +  toxin in bloodstream

5
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<p><span style="background-color: transparent;"><strong><span>Lyme Disease&nbsp;</span></strong></span></p>

Lyme Disease 

  • S/S: 1. Early Localized Infection: erythema migrans = bulls eye rash + inflammation. 2. Early Disseminated Infection: after rash- spread to the nervous system (memic meningitis) 3. Late Persistent Infection: Chronic Nervous System impairments 

  • CA: Borrelia burgdorferi 

  • Pathogenesis: indirect damage cause rash (inflammation) + endotoxin exacerbates the inflammation 

  • Epidemiology: zoonosis , spread by ticks 

  • Treatment: antibiotics in early stages to kill bacteria, once it goes to the nervous system it's much harder to treat. Once chronic the damage is done

6
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<p><span style="background-color: transparent;"><strong><span>Ebola and Marburg&nbsp;</span></strong></span></p>

Ebola and Marburg 

  • S/S: fever, headache, muscle pain, sore throat, abdominal pain, diarrhea, macular rash/maculopapular rash  case fatality rate 25%-905 depending on strain and supportive care, septic shock 

  • CA: Ebola Virus or Marburg Virus 

  • Pathogenesis: virus targets immune system cells release cytokines to kill infections and destroy the immune system. The “rogue” immune cells attack Helper T cells which can't make memory cells. 

  • Epidemiology: both seen in outbreaks in Africa. Ebola is spread through human tissue exposure . Marburg is spread through exposure to bat