Generation and Transmission of the Nerve Impulse

Ten question-and-answer flashcards covering the key ideas of resting membrane potential, ion distribution, depolarization, repolarization, initiation, and propagation of the nerve impulse.

What is the main objective when studying the characteristics of neurons in this lesson?

To describe the features of neurons that enable the generation and transmission of a nerve impulse.

Which ion is found in higher concentration outside the neuron at rest?

Sodium ion (Na+).

Which ion is more abundant inside the neuron during the resting state?

Potassium ion (K+).

What type of membrane protein helps maintain the ion gradient essential for the resting potential?

A carrier (transport) protein, such as the sodium-potassium pump.

What happens during depolarization of a neuron?

Sodium ions (Na+) rush into the cell, making the inside of the membrane less negative (more positive).

Which ion movement is primarily responsible for repolarization?

Potassium ions (K+) flow out of the neuron, restoring the membrane’s negative interior.

What event typically initiates an action potential in a neuron?

A stimulus that depolarizes the membrane to threshold.

How is a nerve impulse conducted along an axon?

The depolarization of one segment of membrane triggers depolarization of the next, propagating the action potential down the axon.

What term describes the membrane state when no nerve impulse is present?

Resting membrane (polarized) state.

Which two key ions are exchanged during an action potential?

Sodium (Na+) and Potassium (K+).