LESSON II. PHILIPPINE NATIONALISM

Nationalism

in shaping the state and nation relationship.

20th Century Nationalism

was the ideological response to colonization.

It acted as a “moral cement” for newly formed post-colonial states.

State

induced nationalism often fails to fully encapsulate a sense of belonging.

The American Period

played a central role in shaping nationalism.

Heroes

play a crucial role in forming national identity

Benedict Anderson

concept of the “imagined community” ties into this idea of nationalism.

Andres Bonifacio (1863-1897)

led the Katipunan, a secret revolutionary society that fought against Spanish oppression and colonial rule in the Philippines

Emilio Aguinaldo (1869-1964)

is one of the most fascinating revolutionaries in the Philippines who were able to witness the Philippine campaigns for Independence under three eras of colonization from Spain, America, and Japan.

Juan Luna (1857-1899):

was one of the greatest Filipino artists of all times and considered as genius painter who advocated for the Philippine reformation in Europe.

Marcelo H. Del Pilar:

ay isang repormistang manunulat ng Kilusang Propaganda noong panahon ng pananakop ng Kastila. Isinulong niya at ng mga kasamahan ang karapatan para mga Pilipino at representasyon sa pamahalaan ng Espanya.

Apolinario Mabini (1864-1903)

was one of the foremost of the Philippine revolutionary heroes. He was considered as the “brains” of the revolution because of his role as the architect of the 1898 Philippine revolutionary government.

Sultan Dipatuan Kudarat (1581–1671)

was the most powerful Sultan of Maguindanao in the Philippines. He successfully repelled Spain’s conquest to subdue Mindanao.

Melchora Aquino

ang tinaguriang Ina ng Rebolusyong Pilipino noong panahon ng Kastila. Nasa edad 84 na siya nang sumiklab ang himagsikan at nagpasya siyang suportahan ang Katipunan. Kaya naman, nakilala siya sa bansag na “Tandang Sora.”

María Josefa Gabriela Cariño Silang

was a revolutionary fearless female warrior and a great leader of the Filipino people to fight for independence from Spain.

Lapu-Lapu

ay ang datu ng Mactan, Cebu sa makasaysayang Labanan sa Mactan noong Abril 1571.

Diego Silang

ay isa sa mga lider ng himagsikan sa Hilagang Luzon noong panahon ng Kastila.

Greg Bankoff and Kathleen Weekley

discuss the absence of significant Muslim figures in national celebrations.

Sultan Kudarat Lapu-Lapu

Heroes like ______ and _____ are underrepresented