Surface water part 1

What is subsidence?

The downward motion of a portion of the Earth’s surface

What is erosion?

The removal of material from Earth’s surface

What is sedimentation?

The process of deposition of a solid material from a state of suspension or solution in a fluid.

What is the hydrologic cycle?

The continuous circulation of water in the Earth-Atmosphere system. It involves aspects like aquifers, soil, oceans atmosphere, etc.

What is Laminar Flow?

Shallow, slow moving streams, moving in one direction.

What is turbulent flow?

Broad, deep, fast-moving streams that erode sediments more quickly.

What is headward erosion?

upstream erosion of channel

What is downcutting?

Channel deepening

What are tributaries?

A freshwater stream that feeds into a larger stream, river or other body of water. They flow into trunk streams

What is drainage basin?

Land areas that drain into a specific trunk stream. AKA catchments or watersheds

What is drainage divide?

Uplands that separate drainage basins

What is discharge?

The volume pf water passing through a cross section of the stream in a unit of time. Q = Ac x Va

What is a Hjulstrom diagram?

The chart we used in class that shows the interaction between erosion, transportation, and deposition. It shows that faster water erodes sediments, while slowing water deposits sediments.

What is Transportation?

The travelling of sediments.

What is Deposition?

The dropping of previously removed sediments.

What is a fluvial?

It is associated with rivers, streams, and their processes.