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absolve
to pronounce free from or give absolution for a penalty, blame, or guilt; (pardon)
adversity
unfavorable circumstances
anomalous
deviating from what is standard, normal, or expected
apparel
clothing worn on the body
ardor / arduous
great forcefulness or intensity of feeling or expression; passion; desire
avarice
an excessive or inordinate desire for wealth, possessions or power
aversion
a strong feeling of dislike or abhorrence for something; (distaste)
calamity
disaster
constitution
physical makeup
copious
profuse, abundant, or vast in quantity or number
decorum
behavior that is in keeping with good taste and propriety; (rightness)
discord
a lack of harmony or concord
eloquence
fluent or persuasive speaking or writing
entreat
to make a request or suggestion; to ask someone earnestly or to beseech
entreaty
an earnest or humble request
extort
To obtain money or favors by intimidation, violence, or the misuse of authority
induce
influence / persuade
insidious
lament
to feel or express regret, grief or disappointment
manifold
many and various
martial
relating to fighting or war; military
mediator
one who settles a dispute
munificent / munificence
very liberal in giving or bestowing (generous)
omnipotent
all-powerful
ordinance
an official order or proclamation issued by a person in authority; a traditional or accepted way of behaving, specific to a particular society, place, or time
ostentatious
characterized by pretentious or showy displays
parsimony
extreme unwillingness to spend money or use resources; careful management of available resources
pensive
having the appearance of being in deep thought
perpetual
enduring, lasting for an eternity; (constant)
persevere
to persist steadfastly in pursuit of a goal, especially despite challenges; to deal with something, such as pain or misfortune, without complaining
pilfer
steal, typically things of relatively little value
posterity
the future descendants of a person or group
prevalent
widespread in a particular area or at a particular time
profuse
plentiful or abundant in amount; occurring or found on a regular basis
propitious
auspicious, likely to prove to be favorable
prudence / prudent
good judgement
recompense
compensation or reward given for loss or harm suffered or effort made
relent
become more merciful
solace
comfort or consolation in a time of great distress or sadness
squander
to use or expend carelessly, extravagantly, or to no purpose; to cause to scatter or disperse
superfluous
time consuming; unnecessary excess
tempest
a windy, and sometimes violent, storm
treacherous
guilty of or involving betrayal or deception
tyranny
a government in which a single ruler (a tyrant) has absolute power
valor
the quality that enables a person to encounter danger with firmness
wretched
feeling, deserving of, or characterized by, severe unhappiness or sadness
oral tradition
stories told verbally only
origin myth
explains the beginning of the world or people, they differ between cultures, civilizations and their beliefs
archetype
elements of literature that are showcased in many stories
metaphor
the use of a word or phrase to refer to something that it isn’t, invoking a direct similarity between the word or phrase used and the thing described
anaphora
repetition of phrase
restatement
repetition of a point that is paraphrased
parallelism
repeated opposite
repetition
repeated sentence
antithesis
contrasting / opposite words
charged words
words that have weight behind it
rhetorical question
question that does not need to be answered
exclamation
a sudden cry or remark expressing surprise, strong emotion, or pain
pathos
appeals to emotion
logos
appeals to logic
ethos
appeals to higher authority
tone
the way the narrator/author speaks/feels
mood
the way a text makes the reader feel
author’s purpose
reason for the author writing the work
narrative pov
refers to who is telling or narrating the story
1st person (I, me, we)
2nd person (you)
3rd person (he, she, they)
apostrophe
something spoken to a specific audience
extended metaphor
the entirety of the work is a metaphor
paradox
statement that contradicts itself (highlights 2 conflicting ideas)
inversion
changes up the order of words so that particular qualities or terms can be emphasized
analogy
creates a relationship based on parallels or connections between two ideas
sermon
religious speech
allusion
implied or indirect reference to a person, event, or thing or to a part of another text
ex.) If it doesn’t stop raining, I’m going to build an ark.
heroic couplet
a rhyming couplet, or pair of lines with end rhymes in iambic pentameter
satire
a way of writing about a flaw or failure in society by inflating it to absurdity
romanticism
to regard something as special or ideal, especially unjustifiably
allegory
a form of narrative that uses plot, setting, or character to stand for a message that has a larger moral or lesson or makes a far-reaching commentary on real-world issues
ambiguity
the quality of being open to multiple interpretations
parable
a short tale that illustrates a universal truth
Frame Story
a narrative that frames or surrounds another story or set of stories
ex.) Titanic: begins with Old Rose, then shows her in the past for the majority of the movie, then shows Old Rose again (full circle)
transcendentalism
an intellectual movement that emphasizes the dignity of the individual and advocated a simple, mindful life; a form of philosophical idealism
refrain
a line, phrase, or single word that is repeated periodically within the poem to build up drama, emphasis, or rhythm (in poetry)
meter
describes the rhythm (or pattern of beats) in a line of poetry
