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15 Terms

1
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What are fossil strata?

Fossil strata are layers of sedimentary rock that contain fossils, formed by the accumulation of sediment over long periods of time.

2
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What mechanisms do geologists suggest formed fossil strata?

Sediment builds up layer by layer over long periods of time, trapping fossils in the layers.

3
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How does radiometric dating work?

Radiometric dating allows scientists to estimate the age of fossil layers by measuring the remaining isotopes and their decay.

4
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What is the half-life of a radioactive element?

The half-life is the time it takes for half of a radioactive isotope to decay, which is crucial for determining the age of fossil layers.

5
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What does the term 'Cambrian Explosion' refer to?

The Cambrian Explosion refers to an event 530 million years ago when many new animal forms appeared in the fossil record.

6
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What is the concept of 'Punctuated Equilibrium'?

Punctuated Equilibrium is the idea that evolution occurs rapidly during short periods, followed by long periods of stability.

7
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How did Darwin's five premises shape his theory of evolution?

Darwin's premises include overpopulation, resource limitation, population stability, variation of traits, and heritability of traits, supporting natural selection.

8
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What is an example of adaptive radiation illustrated by Darwin's finches?

Darwin's finches show adaptive radiation as different species adapted their beaks to the specific conditions of their respective islands.

9
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What is genetic homology?

Genetic homology refers to similarities in DNA or amino acid sequences among organisms due to a common ancestor.

10
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What is anatomical homology?

Anatomical homology refers to similarities in anatomical structures among species inherited from a common ancestor.

11
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What is developmental homology?

Developmental homology refers to similarities in embryonic development among different species that share a common ancestor.

12
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What is the ecological species concept?

The ecological species concept defines species based on their ecological niche and interactions with their environment.

13
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What is a limitation of the ecological species concept?

A limitation is the difficulty in understanding and defining the ecological niche of a species.

14
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What is the morphological species concept?

The morphological species concept characterizes species based on physical structures and body shapes.

15
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What is a limitation of the morphological species concept?

A limitation is determining how many traits to analyze and how much variation is permitted among species.