8/27-9/1 - Classifying Natural Enemies & Modes of Transmission

Predators and parasites, simple v. complex life cycles, definitive v. intermediate hosts

What is a species of consumer that reduces the fitness of its victim called?

Natural Enemy

What is the species that a natural enemy consumes called?

Victim

What kind of natural enemy kills and feeds alone on more than one victim?

Solitary Predator

What kind of natural enemy kills and feeds in a group on more than one victim?

Social Predator

What kind of natural enemy feeds on (but does not necessarily kill) more than one victim?

Micropredator

What kind of natural enemy feeds on one host (in which it develops) and kills its host as part of its development?

Parasitoid

What kind of natural enemy infects, but does not necessarily kill, one host per life stage?

Typical Parasite

What kind of natural enemy infects (but does not necessarily kill) and blocks the reproduction of one host per life stage?

Parasitic Castrator

How does parasitic castration happen?

Parasitic castrators typically feed on host gonadal tissue.

What kind of natural enemy infects, but does not necessarily kill, one host per life stage and undergoes asexual reproduction within the host?

Pathogen

What kind of natural enemy infects one host per life stage and one stage reaches its next host by its current host being eaten?

Trophically Transmitted Pathogen

Which natural enemy is characterized by its small size, short generation time, high multiplication rate in hosts, frequent host acquired immunity post-infection, and a short infection duration?

Pathogen (microparasite)

Which natural enemy is characterized by its large size, long generation time, low or zero multiplication rate in host, rare host acquired immunity post-infection, and a long infection duration.

Parasite (macroparasite)

What kind of life cycle do parasites and pathogens that require only one host species to complete have?

Simple life cycle (SLC)

What kind of life cycle do parasites and pathogens that require more than one host species to complete have?

Complex life cycle (CLC)

What kind of host do parasites reproduce sexually in?

Definitive (final) host

What kind of host do parasites develop but not reproduce in?

Intermediate host