MLT 209 Module 2: Agents of Bioterrorism

Practice fill-in-the-blank flashcards covering CDC agents of bioterrorism, biosafety levels, biosafety cabinets, and specific organism diagnostic characteristics.

The intentional use of bacteria, fungi, and viruses to bring terror and panic among a human population is defined as __________.

bioterrorism

The deliberate use of viruses, fungi, and biological agents and toxins to gain military advantage or for political gain is defined as __________.

biological warfare

An attack or harmful crime where an individual or group targets another using biological agents, viruses, and fungi is termed a __________ or biothreat.

biocrime

A Class 3 Biological Safety Cabinet provides __________ pressure to protect workers from aerosol-transmitted pathogens.

negative

A Class 3 Biological Safety Cabinet is required for handling high risk aerosol-transmitted pathogens such as __________.

Mycobacterium tuberculosis

Agents assigned to __________ are non-pathogenic and not known to consistently cause disease in healthy adults.

BSL 1

Routes of transmission for pathogens assigned to __________ include mucous membrane exposure, ingestion, and percutaneous injury.

BSL 2

Exotic or indigenous agents that can cause serious and lethal disease if inhaled, including fungi and mycobacteria, are assigned to __________.

BSL 3

Personnel working in a BSL 4 facility must change clothes before entering and __________ on the way out of the lab.

shower

Category __________ bioterrorism agents have the highest mortality rate because they spread easily through the air and from person to person.

A

Category __________ agents do not spread as quickly as Category A due to increased surveillance from the CDC.

B

Category __________ agents can spread quickly because they are easily accessible to an individual wanting to use them for bioterrorism.

C

On SBA after 24 hours, Bacillus anthracis forms __________-hemolytic Medusa's head or Egg white Morang appearing colonies.

Gamma

Inoculation on SBA and Egg Yolk Agar is used by the laboratory to differentiate Bacillus anthracis from __________.

Bacillus cereus

On a CIN plate, Yersinia pestis is observed as a __________ colony.

Red Bullseye

On a TSI slant, Yersinia pestis produces a reaction of Red over __________.

Yellow

Gram stain morphology of Yersinia pestis reveals bipolar staining, often referred to as __________ organisms.

safety pin

Burkholderia mallei and Burkholderia pseudomallei produce wrinkly round __________ colonies on SBA.

green

Variola virus is best detected using PCR because it is a __________ virus.

dsDNA

The best specimen for Cutaneous Anthrax is liquid draining from the sore or the skin __________.

in-between the lining of the sore

The best specimens to collect for diagnosing Gastrointestinal Anthrax are __________ or stool.

blood

The intentional use of bacteria, fungi, and viruses to bring terror and panic among a human population is defined as __________.

bioterrorism

The deliberate use of viruses, fungi, and biological agents and toxins to gain military advantage or for political gain is defined as __________.

biological warfare

An attack or harmful crime where an individual or group targets another using biological agents, viruses, and fungi is termed a __________ or biothreat.

biocrime

A Class 3 Biological Safety Cabinet provides __________ pressure to protect workers from aerosol-transmitted pathogens.

negative

A Class 3 Biological Safety Cabinet is required for handling high risk aerosol-transmitted pathogens such as __________.

Mycobacterium tuberculosis

In a Class 1 Biological Safety Cabinet, __________ air is allowed into the room because the agent poses no threat to personnel.

unsterilized

A Class 2 Biological Safety Cabinet protects workers by passing __________ air over infectious materials.

sterilized

Class 3 Biological Safety Cabinet operations are performed using heavy __________ gloves attached to the cabinet.

rubber

Agents assigned to __________ are non-pathogenic and not known to consistently cause disease in healthy adults.

BSL 1

Routes of transmission for pathogens assigned to __________ include mucous membrane exposure, ingestion, and percutaneous injury.

BSL 2

Exotic or indigenous agents that can cause serious and lethal disease if inhaled, including fungi and mycobacteria, are assigned to __________.

BSL 3

Personnel working in a BSL 4 facility must change clothes before entering and __________ on the way out of the lab.

shower

Biosafety Level __________ is assigned to exotic agents with high risk of aerosol transmission for which there are no vaccines, cures, or treatments.

4

Category __________ bioterrorism agents have the highest mortality rate because they spread easily through the air and from person to person.

A

Category __________ agents do not spread as quickly as Category A due to increased surveillance from the CDC.

B

Category __________ agents can spread quickly because they are easily accessible to an individual wanting to use them for bioterrorism.

C

On SBA after 24 hours, Bacillus anthracis forms __________-hemolytic Medusa's head or Egg white Morang appearing colonies.

Gamma

Inoculation on SBA and Egg Yolk Agar is used by the laboratory to differentiate Bacillus anthracis from __________.

Bacillus cereus

On a CIN plate, Yersinia pestis is observed as a __________ colony.

Red Bullseye

On a TSI slant, Yersinia pestis produces a reaction of Red over __________.

Yellow

Gram stain morphology of Yersinia pestis reveals bipolar staining, often referred to as __________ organisms.

safety pin

Burkholderia mallei and Burkholderia pseudomallei produce wrinkly round __________ colonies on SBA.

green

Variola virus is best detected using PCR because it is a __________ virus.

dsDNA

Clostridium botulinum is best detected in the laboratory using PCR or __________.

EIA

Coxiella burnetii is classified as a Category B bioterror agent and is best detected using __________.

PCR

The best specimen for Cutaneous Anthrax is liquid draining from the sore or the skin __________.

in-between the lining of the sore

The best specimens to collect for diagnosing Gastrointestinal Anthrax are __________ or stool.

blood

The best specimens to collect for Wool Sorter's Disease (Inhalation Anthrax) include __________, blood, or liquid draining from the abscess.

sputum

The best specimens to collect for Injectional Anthrax are blood or skin lining __________.

in between the sore