RELG 1010 Midterm

God “passing over” Egypt to strike down firstborn children

What does the term Passover refer to?

Joshua

This figure leads the Israelites on a conquest of the land of Canaan

Horeb

The mountain called Sinai in Exodus is referred to by this name in Deuteronomy

They refused to engage in military conflict with the Amorites

According to Deuteronomy, God punishes the Israelites and refuses to let them enter the Promised Land for an entire generation because of this act of disobedience

Levi

According to Exodus, Moses comes from which Israelite tribe:

Documentary Hypothesis

The theory that different sources, including Priestly and Deuteronomist sources, were edited together to produce the Torah is called the ______

They worship other gods

God’s major complaint against the Israelites in Hosea is:

A white tower

Which of the following images does Ezekiel NOT describe in his opening vision?

Antiochus

Which foreign ruler stole items from the Jerusalem Temple and burned down parts of the city described in 1 Maccabees

Eating pig’s flesh

In 2 Maccabees, the Greeks try to force the scribe Eleazar to violated which of the laws of Torah?

Thrown to lions

Daniel’s punishment for praying to God is:

Levi

Temple priests must be descended from which tribe:

Herod

In the Gospel of Matthew, Joseph, and Mary flee into Egypt with Jesus to escape which Judean ruler

Resurrection

In the Gospel of Mark, Jesus engages in debate with the Sadducees, a Jewish sect that rejects belief in

the Roman governor Pilate

Jesus is sentenced to death by

Crucifixion

Jesus is executed by

Apostle

The title that Paul gives to himself in the beginning of his letters to the Galatians and the Corinthians is

believe in the resurrection

In 1 Corinthians 15, Paul is trying to convince his readers to

synagogue

In the Second Temple Period, Jews would gather in which place to read Torah, pray, and eat communal meals

The founding patriarch of the Israelites whose narrative spans Genesis 12-18 and 21-22. He is called by God to leave his homeland in exchange for (1) the promise of land, numerous descendants, and blessings for all nations. He demonstrates ultimate loyalty when tested to (2) sacrifice his son Isaac, solidifying his legacy. For Western Religion, he is foundational as the shared (3) lineal and spiritual ancestor of Judaism, Christianity, and Islam.

Abraham

The theological concept that God selected the Israelites to be a (1) holy nation and a unique possession among all peoples. This special status is explicitly highlighted during the journey from Egypt in Exodus 19-20 and reviewed before entering the land in Deuteronomy 1 and 5. For Western Religion, this concept does not imply inherent superiority but rather a (2) demanding accountability to uphold moral laws and serve as a ethical beacon to the rest of the world.

Chosenness

A formal, sacred agreement initiated by God that establishes a binding relationship with His people, seen through (1) universal promises made to Noah in Genesis 6-9 and specific lineage promises made to Abraham. It is later codified as a (2) national legal treaty at Mount Sinai in Exodus 19-20 and 32, demanding obedience to statutory laws. In the study of Western Religion, it provides the fundamental framework for (3) understanding human-divine partnerships and the historical development of religious law.

Covenant

A prominent biblical figure and book whose apocalyptic visions and experiences during the exile are captured in Daniel 6-12. He famously demonstrates unwavering devotion to God by (1) surviving the lions' den after refusing to stop praying. The text introduces crucial (2) eschatological themes, such as the resurrection of the dead and the ultimate triumph of God's kingdom over oppressive empires. This makes the term significant in Western Religion for shaping late Jewish and early Christian ideas about (3) martyrdom, the afterlife, and apocalypticism.

Daniel

The canonical collection of sacred scriptures that serves as the textual foundation for Judaism, tracking Israelite history and theology across the (1) Torah, Prophets (Nevi'im), and Writings (Ketuvim). It spans from the creation narratives in Genesis 1-3 through post-exilic reflections, capturing centuries of evolving covenantal relationships. For Western Religion, it is critically significant as the source material for (2) monotheistic ethics, law, and narrative traditions that directly birthed both Christianity and Islam.

Hebrew Bible/Tanakh

A 10th-century written prophet whose ministry in Hosea 1-3 uses his own troubled marriage as a powerful (1) metaphor for Israel's spiritual infidelity to God. By comparing Israel's worship of foreign gods to adultery, he highlights the deep pain of a broken covenant. His text is highly significant for Western Religion because it introduces the enduring (2) theological imagery of God as a passionate, betrayed, yet deeply forgiving spouse.

Hosea

An ancient, fortified city whose dramatic fall is recorded in Joshua 6. Through divine instruction, the Israelite forces march around its walls until they collapse, marking the first major (1) military breakthrough into the territory of Canaan. In the context of Western Religion, this event serves as a foundational example of (2) holy war and absolute reliance on divine intervention rather than human military strength to fulfill sacred promises.

Jericho

The designated successor to Moses who leads the Israelite tribes across the Jordan River to (1) conquer and distribute the land of Canaan in Joshua 1 and 6. He is charged by God to be courageous and to meditate continuously on the book of the Law to ensure success. For Western Religion, his character is significant as the model of the (2) pious military leader who successfully transitions Israel from a wandering desert community into a settled nation.

Joshua

Historical and religious books from 1 Maccabees 1-3 and 2 Maccabees 6-7 that chronicle the Jewish revolt against forced Hellenization under the Seleucid Empire. They vividly document the (1) brutal martyrdom of Jews who refused to violate the Torah by eating pork or sacrificing to idols. In Western Religion, these texts are highly significant for establishing the (2) theological concept of dying for one's faith and celebrating religious freedom through the origin of Hanukkah

1 & 2 Maccabees

The political and spiritual capital city established under the united monarchy and central to Israelite identity throughout 1 Kings 5-8. It is the chosen geographic location where (1) Solomon builds the permanent Temple to house the Ark of the Covenant. In Western Religion, this city holds unparalleled significance as the (2) axis mundi (sacred center) for Judaism, Christianity, and Islam, serving as the focal point of historical worship and future messianic expectations.

Jerusalem

The political system instituted in 1 Samuel 8-10 and 15-17 when the Israelites demand a human king to rule over them like neighboring nations. It transitions through the tragic reign of Saul, the rise of David, and the golden age of (1) Solomon in 1 Kings 1, 5-8, who constructs the Temple. For Western Religion, this concept highlights a persistent (2) theological tension between earthly political power and the ultimate sovereignty of God.

Monarchy

The premier prophet and lawgiver chosen by God to (1) deliver the Israelites from Egyptian slavery in Exodus 1-4 and 12. He acts as the sole mediator of the law at Mount Sinai and reiterates the covenant to the new generation in Deuteronomy 1 and 5:1-12. Within Western Religion, his character is uniquely significant as the (2) archetypal leader, prophet, and mediator whose authority shapes the legal core of biblical monotheism.

Moses

The specific geographic territory of Canaan promised by God to Abraham's lineage in Genesis 12-18 and sought throughout the Exodus. The new generation is prepared to enter it under the strict condition of covenant loyalty in Deuteronomy 1, eventually crossing over in Joshua 1. In the study of Western Religion, this term is significant because it connects (1) spiritual covenantal status with physical geography, shaping centuries of geopolitical and religious identity.

Promised Land

Divinely inspired messengers, including classical written figures like Isaiah, Ezekiel, and Hosea, who acted as the moral conscience of Israel. They confronted kings and citizens over their (1) abrogation of the covenant, social injustice, and idolatry while forecasting both destruction and future restoration. For Western Religion, they are highly significant for shifting religious focus from ritual sacrifice toward (2) systemic social justice and individual moral responsibility.

Prophets

The pivotal historical period of Judaism extending from the reconstruction of the Jerusalem Temple around 515 BCE to its destruction by Rome in 70 CE, forming the cultural backdrop for the later chapters of Daniel and the New Testament Gospels like Matthew, Mark, and Luke. This era witnessed the rise of diverse religious sects, a heightened focus on Torah study, and growing (1) messianic expectations under foreign imperial rule. In Western Religion, it is critically significant as the vital (2) formative matrix out of which Rabbinic Judaism and Christianity emerged.

Second Temple Judaism

The sacred mountain where God manifests in fire and cloud to establish a national covenant with Israel in Exodus 19-20. It is the holy site where Moses receives the Decalogue and where the law is later recalled in Deuteronomy 5:1-12. For Western Religion, this location represents the (1) ultimate site of divine revelation, where abstract divine will was transformed into concrete, written ethical and legal obligations.

Sinai/Horeb

The sacred, physical dwelling places for the divine presence among humanity, moving from a portable desert tent in Exodus to a grand stone structure built by (1) Solomon in 1 Kings 5-8. These spaces served as the absolute center for sacrificial worship, priesthood rituals, and national prayer. In Western Religion, they are significant for defining how (2) holiness is localized on earth and how the community interacts with a transcendent God through structured ritual.

Tabernacle/Temple

The first five books of the Hebrew Bible, whose foundational narratives encompass the creation in Genesis 1-3, the Exodus deliverance, and the reception of the law at Sinai. It contains the primary (1) legal, ethical, and ritual instructions meant to govern every aspect of Israelite daily life.

Torah