week 5: neuroendocrine response to exercise

what two components does the hypothalumus coordinate and sitmulate

primary neural component; brain stem -SNS pathway (direct innervatino

primary hormonal components: hypothalumus- pituitary-adrenal axis (secretion of epi and NE

What is the most direct measure available for the autonomic NS

MSNA: muscle symapthetic nerve activity

what other ways can you indirectly measure ANS activiy

HRV; BEAT-BEAT VARIATION IN CARDIAC CYCLE

• low variability reflects poor autonomic tone; reduced reg capacity *ability to adaptively respond to challenges)

HR recovery; PNS reactivation

what ways does ANS control during exercise

1. Enhance cardiorespiratory function by brachial dilation, transportation of waste product, increased HR, increased cardiac output, increased Bp

2. Fuel mobilization: adipose cells release fatty acids. liver cells release glucose

3. thermoregulation, increased sweating, vasodilation increase blood to skin

how do hormones influence metabolism?

1. mobilize fuel for muscle contraction

2. maintain blood glucose level

wha ate the two hormones involved?

glucaogon and insulin

which three sites do hormones influence

adipose tissue; fat storage is inhibited and fat mobilization is enhanced

liver: glycogen breakdown and glyconeogenesis

skeletal muscles: glycognesis and increase in free fatty acid uptake & utilization

what two areas will endocrine system affect

CV , muscle bone adipose tissues

what impact does endocrine system have during exercise on CV function

Enhanced cardiac function

blood distribution to active tissue

maintain fluid electrolyte balance

ADH and aldoesterone act on kindeys

whats the difference between NE nad Epi

NE effects quicker, and elevation of this hormone is seen at lower intensities (about 70 % VO2 MAX)

what happens in regards to NE AND epi

secreted by adrenal medullat at 80-90 % VO2 MAX

large increase after anerobic work

greater release from static vs dynamic RT

what hormones are involved in fluid balance, what do they do

ADH AND ALDOSTERONE WATER RETENTION; renin stimulates aldosterone secretion

what happnes to insulin and glucagon during exercise

I decreases and g increase during aerobic ex, no change during static becuase trying to decrease fat stores, no change during static or HIT short term because muscle tissues have fuels available for them

what is the reponse for growth hormones repsonse during exercise

slow response, increases during and post RT

what is cortisols response to exercise

slow acting, greater response to anaerobic exercise, remains elevated for hout after

what is T and PTH response to exercise (thyroid & parathyroid hormone)

inconclusive

whats the differnce in regards to hormonal adaptatinos in trained vs untrained individuals for EPI, NR, I, cortisol, GH,

trained individuals have a much lower amount being released during exercise because less is required for the same outcome. For example, increasing HR would need less epi to do so

what happes to glucagon in UT VS T

no change in TG compared to UTG,because improved efficiency and improved insulin sensitivity, trained individuals done need as much glucagon in otder to conrtol blood glucose levels