Land Biomes- Tundra

located at the top and bottom of the Earth

temperatures from -50 to 50 degrees Fahrenheit

permafrost is a layer of soil that that is always frozen in the tundra

because of permafrost there is a thin layer of growing soil so there are few trees

when the top layer of soil melts during the short warmer summer season it creates marshes and ponds

plants have a shallow root system due to thin layer of soil to grow in

plants you may find in the tundra include lichen, moss, small wildflowers

plants are low and shallow rooted

in alpine tundra its rocky and ABOVE the treeline after a certain elevation plants can’t grow

animals have thick furs to keep as much heat as possible, they are large, have small ears, some have a thick layer of blubber for insulation

only about 12-25 cm of rainfall per year

some animals change fur color to camouflage depending on the season