Module 9: Biologic Variations and Transcultural Nursing Flashcards

Vocabulary flashcards covering metabolic differences, drug sensitivities, disease susceptibilities, and genetic variations across racial and ethnic groups based on NCM 120 Module 9 transcript.

Alcohol Dehydrogenase (ADH)

An enzyme involved in alcohol metabolism that converts alcohol into acetaldehyde.

Acetaldehyde Dehydrogenase (ALDH)

An enzyme involved in alcohol metabolism that converts acetaldehyde, a toxic substance, into acetic acid, a nontoxic substance.

Alcohol-Induced Facial Flushing

A vasomotor symptom following alcohol ingestion occurring in 45% to 85% of Asians compared to 3% to 29% of Whites.

Caffeine Metabolism Differences

A metabolic process where caffeine is metabolized and excreted faster by Whites than by Asians, directly correlated with liver enzyme differences.

Propranolol (Inderal) Racial Variations

An antihypertensive drug response where African-Americans tend to require higher doses, whereas Chinese men need only about half as much as White American men.

Angiotensin Converting Enzyme (ACE) Inhibitors Response

Antihypertensive drugs, such as captopril, that tend to be less effective as a single therapy for African-Americans than for Whites on the same treatment regimen.

Haloperidol (Haldol) Optimal Threshold in Chinese Individuals

A psychotropic drug response where Chinese individuals tend to have a lower dose/optimal response threshold than White counterparts.

Tuberculosis Incidence Rates (2016)

CDC data indicating TB incidence was seven times higher in African-Americans, nine times higher in Asians and Pacific Islanders, and four times higher in American Indians than in non-Hispanic Whites.

Type O Blood Associated Disease Risks

Blood type prevalent among American Indians linked to a greater risk for duodenal ulcers and a diminished chance of thromboembolic disease in women taking birth control pills.

Type A Blood Associated Disease Risks

Blood group where individuals are statistically more likely to develop cancer of the stomach.

Southeastern American Indian Diabetes Prevalence

The geographical region group with the highest incidence of diabetes in the United States, recorded at 25.7%.

Sickle Cell Disease (SCD)

The most common genetic disorder in the United States, born into approximately 1 in 500 African-Americans and 1 in 1200 Hispanic Americans.

Sickle Cell Trait

The state of carrying one gene for SCD, present in approximately 2 million Americans, including about 10% of the African-American population.

Type A Variety G-6-PD Deficiency

An enzyme deficiency variant that moves rapidly on starch-gel electrophoresis, found in 35% of African-Americans who have G-6-PD deficiency.

Type B Variety G-6-PD Deficiency

A slow-moving enzyme deficiency variant found in 65% of Blacks with G-6-PD deficiency and nearly all non-Blacks with the deficiency.

Cantonese Chinese Disorder of G-6-PD

A specific variant of Glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency found among the Chinese and people of Southeast Asia.

Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) Incidence

An autoimmune condition with an estimated overall incidence of 2.6 per 100,000 population, occurring more frequently in African-Americans than non-Blacks, and extremely rare among Asians.