175 FINAL EXAM (Unit 11-13) - DONE

Which of the following is false regarding nasal medications?

- Long-term use may cause rebound congestion.

- Nasal medications are best administered by a highly trained medical professional.

- Nasal medications may be used to relieve allergy and cold symptoms.

- Patients should be told to clear the nasal passages prior to use.

Nasal medications are best administered by a highly trained medical professional.

Oxygen is ordered as:

- LPM or mm Hg

- mm Hg or %

- LPM or %

- ml or LPM

LPM or %

The normal range for oxygen in arterial blood is:

- 50-75 mm Hg

- 80-100 mm Hg

- 80-120 mm Hg

- 25-50 mm Hg

80-100 mm Hg

When using a multiple-dose liquid medication, if the label becomes soiled, you must tape a prescription blank identifying its contents to the bottle. (T/F)

false

Inhaled drugs may be used to:

- provide local treatment for respiratory infections

- provide systemic treatment for respiratory infections

- supply medication that can be absorbed into the bloodstream through the lungs

- All of these answers are correct.

all of the answers are correct

All of the following are disadvantages of the oral route of administration except:

- an objectionable odor or taste

- a more predictable effect on the body than when given by injection

- irritation of the gastric mucosa

- discoloration of the teeth, tongue, or gums

a more predictable effect on the body than when given by injection

It is best to use the same application site each time a new medication patch is applied (T/F)

false

Suppositories may be used as:

- local anesthetics

- laxatives

- antipyretic agents

- all of the answers are correct

all of the answers are correct

To administer an enema, you should:

- properly drape the patient

- assist the patient into the proper position

- provide for privacy

- all of these answers are correct

all of these answers are correct

Drugs that have a counterirritant effect and are usually vigorously rubbed onto the skin to relieve soreness in muscles and joints are called:

- liniments

- lotions

- ointments

- wet dressings

liniments

When 100% oxygen is breathed for a long period of time, which of the following may develop?

- hypoxia

- oxygen toxicity

- anoxia

- none of these answers are correct

oxygen toxicity

When applying a nasal cannula, the prongs should be placed so that there is a direct flow of oxygen against the nasal mucosa. (T/F)

False

Two means of measuring the amount of medication to be administered are by:

- weight and volume

- color and odor

- volume and color

- odor and weight

Weight and Volume

Nasal cannulas are used when a low concentration of oxygen is desired (T/F)

true

Inhaled medications are available for use in:

- IPPB machines

- nebulizers

- handheld inhalers

- All of these answers are correct.

all of these answers are correct

Unit-dose medications should be opened in the medication room to avoid contamination. (T/F)

false

Unit-dose medications should be crushed in the wrapper before opening. (T/F)

true

When measuring liquid medication, you should measure from the lowest level of the meniscus. (T/F)

true

When administering ophthalmic medications, you should:

- wear gloves

- ask the patient to look up at the ceiling

- avoid allowing the dropper to come into contact with the eye

- All of these answers are correct.

all of these answers are correct

All of the following are types of oxygen masks except;

- Venturi

- isolation

- partial rebreather

- nonrebreather

isolation

When pouring liquid medication, the measuring device must be at eye level to ensure an accurate does. (T/F)

true

Guidelines for oxygen safety include all of the following except:

- No Smoking signs should be clearly posted.

- Heating pads and electric blankets should not be used while oxygen is being administered.

- Smoking is permitted as long as the oxygen tank is turned off.

- Suction machines should be used with caution

Smoking is permitted as long as the oxygen tank is turned off

When performing an ear irrigation for a child, the ear should be pulled upward and back. (T/F)

False

All of the following are nonparenteral methods of medication administration except:

- rectal suppository

- ophthalmic drops

- IM injection

- transdermal patches

IM injection

The temperature of irrigation and douche solutions should not exceed:

- 100 degrees Fahrenheit

- 104 degrees Fahrenheit

- 98 degrees Fahrenheit

- 110 degrees Fahrenheit

104 degrees Fahrenheit

When using a multiple-dose solid medication, the health care worker should place the medication in his or her hand and transfer the medication to the medicine cup, to avoid placing too many pills in the cup. (T/F)

false

Liquid preparations of medications are absorbed more slowly than solid forms. (T/F)

false

Which of the following types of oral medications could be safely crushed for administration?

- sublingual tablets

- enteric-coated tablets

- sustained-release tablets

- scored tablets

scored tablets

Apnea may result when oxygen is given to patients with COPD in amounts greater than:

- 2 LPM

- 3 LPM

- 1 LPM

- 4 LPM

2 LPM

suppository

semisolid substance for rectal, vaginal, or urethral use

inhalation

act of drawing breath, vapor, or gas into the lungs

transdermal

medication that is absorbed through the skin; patches

enema

delivering a solution through the rectum and colon

instillation

slowly dropping a solution into or onto a body cavity

inunction

rubbing a drug into the skin

ointment

semisolid preparation of a drug in an oily base

irrigation

cleansing of a canal by flushing with a liquid

hypoxemia

deficient amount of oxygen in the blood

canthus

corner of the eye

insertion

implanting something into something else

The parts of a syringe that must remain sterile are:

- the syringe tip to which the needle is attached

- the inside of the barrel

- All of these answers are correct.

- the section of the plunger that fits inside the barrel

all of these answers are correct

A 1-mL syringe is used for:

- venipuncture

- allergy testing

- irrigating wounds

- IM injections

allergy testing

Nondisposable syringes are most often used for all of the following except:

- thoracentesis

- IM injections

- tracheotomy

- paracentesis

IM injections

Insulin syringes are calibrated in:

- milligrams

- cubic centimeters

- units

- milliliters

units

Which of the following will help to prevent needlestick injuries to health care workers?

- educating workers about safe work practices

- All of these answers are correct.

- eliminating unnecessary use of needles

- using devices with safety features

all of these answers are correct

Which of the following needles is the largest?

- 16 G

- 18 G

- 27 G

- 21 G

16 G

When a U-100 syringe is used, 100 units of insulin is equivalent to:

- 0.5 mL

- 1 mL

- 5 mL

- 100 mL

1 mL

The needle's gauge is determined by the diameter of the:

- cap

- lumen

- barrel

- plunger

lumen

The slanted surface of the needle is called the:

- bevel

- gauge

- lumen

- plunger

bevel

The part of the needle that attaches to the syringe is the:

- bevel

- hilt

- hub

- shaft

hub

Injections into the deltoid muscle should not exceed:

- 5 mL

- 3 mL

- 2 mL

- 1 mL

2 mL

Thick, oily medications require a needle with a lumen of:

- 24-20 G

- 21-16 G

- 27-24 G

- 14-12 G

21-16 G

Subcutaneous injections should not exceed:

- 4 mL

- 3 mL

- 2 mL

- 1 mL

2 mL

Which of the following syringe-needle combinations would be most appropriate for an IM injection?

- 5-mL syringe, 21-G, 1/2-inch needle

- 1-mL syringe, 27-G, 1/2-inch needle

- 3-mL syringe, 22-G, 1 1/2-inch needle

- 3-mL syringe, 27-G, 1/2-inch needle

3-mL syringe, 22-G, 1 1/2-inch needle

All of the following statements are true regarding the selection of the appropriate needle size except:

- If the patient appears apprehensive, you should use the smallest needle you have to minimize discomfort.

- A large person may need a longer needle.

- Pediatric or geriatric patients may require a smaller needle.

- Thicker medications require a larger-gauge needle.

If the patient appears apprehensive, you should use the smallest needle you have to minimize discomfort.

An accidental stick by a contaminated needle could transmit:

- HIV

- Hepatitis B

- Hepatitis C

- All of these answers are correct.

all of these answers are correct.

When preparing a sterile needle-syringe unit, you should do all of the following except:

- check the package to be sure that you have the correct size syringe-needle

- turn the hub of the needle counterclockwise to ensure that it is firmly attached

- wash your hands

- pull back on the plunger to loosen it prior to use

turn the hub of the needle counterclockwise to ensure that it is firmly attached

When aspirating medication from a vial, you should do all of the following except:

- keep the tip of the needle above the surface of the liquid

- apply gloves

- inject a quantity of air equal to the amount of medication you are withdrawing

- check the "6 Rights"

keep the tip of the needle above the surface of the liquid

Which of the following must be done when withdrawing medication from an ampule?

- All of these answers are correct.

- Flick the ampule to release any medication that may be trapped in the neck.

- Snap off the top of the ampule while surrounding it with gauze.

- Disinfect the neck with an alcohol swab.

all of these answers are correct.

All of the following are true when mixing medications in a syringe except:

- Check with the pharmacist to ensure drug compatibility before mixing drugs.

- Never mix medications in the same syringe.

- Do not inject air into the second vial.

- Remove the needle from the vial by pulling the vial from the needle.

Never mix medications in the same syringe.

When reconstituting a powder medication, you should shake the vial vigorously to ensure that the medication is thoroughly diluted. (T/F)

false

When selecting a syringe-needle size for an IM injection, the age of the patient is of little consequence. (T/F)

false

The viscosity and amount of medication being given determine the size of the syringe-needle to be used. (T/F)

true

It is not essential that the outside of the barrel remain sterile during injection. (T/F)

true

The state of being free from living microorganisms is referred to as sanitized. (T/F)

false

A 1-mL syringe is most often used for TB testing and other intradermal injections. (T/F)

true

Ampules contain multiple doses of medications. (T/F)

false

Tubex injectors should be placed in the sharps disposal container after use. (T/F)

false

To protect themselves from needlestick injuries, health care workers should help the employer select appropriate devices with safety features. (T/F)

true

Place the steps for loading and unloading a Tubex injector in the correct order.

a.Turn ribbed collar to "open" position until it stops.

b.Turn ribbed collar to "close" arrow.

c.Inject medication.

d.Insert sterile cartridge-needle unit.

e.Put on gloves.

f.Thread plunger rod into plunger of cartridge.

g.Verify physician's order.

h.Perform medical asepsis hand wash.

i.Disengage plunger rod.

j.Dispose of used equipment properly.

g. Verify physician's order.

h. Perform medical asepsis hand wash.

e.Put on gloves.

a.Turn ribbed collar to "open" position until it stops.

d.Insert sterile cartridge-needle unit.

b.Turn ribbed collar to "close" arrow.

f.Thread plunger rod into plunger of cartridge.

c.Inject medication.

i.Disengage plunger rod.

j.Dispose of used equipment properly.

The term parenteral pertains to medications that are:

- given by mouth

- administered to children by their parents

- administered by injection

- applied to the skin

administered by injection

All of the following are advantages of the parenteral route except:

- Drugs are not altered by gastric

- It is an effective route when the patient refuses to take oral medications.

- It is an effective route when medications cannot be taken orally.

- It allows medications to be delivered to a targeted area of the body.

It is an effective route when the patient refuses to take oral medications.

Which of the following are disadvantages of the parenteral route?

- possibility of infection

- possibility of needle breakage

- possibility of tissue damage

- All of these answers are correct.

all of these answers are correct

When preparing the patient for injection, you should:

- consider the patient's age and mental condition

- keep conversation to a minimum

- tell the patient that the injection will not hurt

- ask the patient to flex the muscles to give you a larger target for the injection

consider the patient's age and mental condition

Patient assessment prior to injection should include:

- age and sex

- body size and physical condition

- skin texture and injection site

- All of these answers are correct.

all of these answers are correct

When choosing an injection site, which would be the best choice?

- the deltoid, with no scars or lesions visible

- the vastus lateralis with an old burn scar

- the deltoid with a small bruise

- the vastus lateralis of a patient with paraplegia

the deltoid, with no scars or lesions visible

A subcutaneous injection is given at a ____-degree angle.

- 10-15

- 45

- 90

- 25

45

Body areas normally used for intradermal injections are:

- deltoid and ventrogluteal areas

- vastus lateralis and deltoid

- inner forearm and middle of back

- vastus lateralis and dorsogluteal

inner forearm and middle of back

Improper site selection when using which site could cause damage to the sciatic nerve?

- ventrogluteal

- deltoid

- vastus lateralis

- dorsogluteal

dorsogluteal

When using the dorsogluteal site, you should inject:

- between the posterior iliac spine and greater trochanter of the femur

- between the anterior superior iliac spine and greater trochanter of the femur

- 1-2 inches below the acromion

- between the greater trochanter of the femur and within the upper lateral quadrant of the thigh

between the posterior iliac spine and greater trochanter of the femur

The ____ is the preferred site for injections in most infants and children.

- deltoid

- vastus lateralis

- ventrogluteal

- dorsogluteal

vastus lateralis

If an injection into the deltoid is not in the proper location, which of the following may occur?

- damage to the radial nerve

- damage to the brachial and axillary nerves

- damage to blood vessels

- All of these answers are correct.

all of these answers are correct

All of the following would be appropriate if a health care worker sustained an accidental needlestick after giving an injection except:

- Wash the site with soap and water.

- Be tested for HIV and HBV.

- Not reporting the incident to your supervisor because you will be reprimanded for not following proper needle safety precautions.

- Cleanse the skin with an antiseptic.

Not reporting the incident to your supervisor because you will be reprimanded for not following proper needle safety precautions.

After injection of which of the following medications should you massage the injection site?

- insulin

- heparin

- DTaP

- Imferon

DTaP

If blood appears in the syringe upon aspiration:

- you are most likely in a blood vessel

- if injected, the medication will be given IV rather than IM or SC

- you should discard the entire syringe and medication and start over

- All of these answers are correct.

all of these answers are correct

All of the following regarding IM injections are correct except?

- Inject medicine slowly.

- Insert needle slowly.

- aspirate to check for blood in the syringe.

- Insert needle at a 90-degree angle.

insert needle slowly

When preparing to give an intradermal injection, the first thing the health care worker should do is:

- obtain the correct medication

- identify the patient

- wash his or her hands

- prepare the patient for injection

wash his or her hands

All of the following statements are appropriate for Z-track injections except:

- Insert the needle quickly, using a dartlike motion

- Wait 10 seconds before removing the needle to allow medication to be absorbed.

- Remove the needle and syringe at the same angle of insertion.

- Massage the site after administration to aid absorption.

Massage the site after administration to aid absorption.

All of the following statements are appropriate for insulin administration except:

- Shake the bottle vigorously to ensure that the medication is properly mixed.

- Use a U-100 syringe.

- Do not massage the injection site.

- Make sure insulins are compatible prior to mixing.

Shake the bottle vigorously to ensure that the medication is properly mixed.

Which of the following sites would be appropriate for insulin injections?

- abdomen

- lower back

- upper arm

- All of these answers are correct.

all of these answers are correct

The Z-track method of injection is used for medications that can cause irritation to the skin. (T/F)

true

Intravenous injection provides the slowest effect. (T/F)

false

If a medication intended for IM injection is given SQ, a sterile abscess could result. (T/F)

true

If a patient is going to have an allergic reaction to an injected medication, it will happen immediately after injection. (T/F)

false

If a patient is vomiting, he or she may lose the parenteral medication. (T/F)

false

Injections should be documented within 2-3 hours of administration. (T/F)

false

Pediatric or geriatric patients may require a smaller needle for injections than the average-size adult. (T/F)

true

Male patients tend to have tougher skin than females and may need more force for injection. (T/F)

true

Use of the deltoid is contraindicated for infants. (T/F)

true

Place the steps for intramuscular injection in the correct order.

a. Obtain correct equipment and supplies.

b. Identify the patient.

c. Inject the medication.

d. Perform medical asepsis hand washing.

e. Dispose of equipment.

f. Check expiration date on the medication.

g. Select the appropriate site for injection.

h. Obtain the correct medication.

i. Assess the patient.

j. Document the procedure.

k. Massage the site.

d. Perform medical asepsis hand washing.

a. Obtain correct equipment and supplies.

h. Obtain the correct medication.

f. Check expiration date on the medication.

b. Identify the patient.

i. Assess the patient.

g. Select the appropriate site for injection.

c. Inject the medication.

k. Massage the site.

e. Dispose of equipment.

j. Document the procedure.