Muscle Tissue

What is muscle tissue specialized to do?

Contract (shorten) to make movement possible.

How are muscle cells shaped?

They are longer than they are wide.

What are muscle cells sometimes called?

Muscle fibers because they often look like tiny threads.

What are the 3 types of muscle tissue?

Skeletal

cardiac

smooth.

What is nervous tissue specialized to do?

Conduct action potentials, which are electrical signals.

What are the two main types of cells in nervous tissue?

Neurons and neuroglia.

What are action potentials?

Electrical signals conducted by nervous tissue

What are the 3 types of membranes?

Mucous

serous

synovial membranes.

What are mucous membranes?

One of the three types of body membranes.

What are serous membranes?

One of the three types of body membranes

What are synovial membranes?

One of the three types of body membranes.

What is the main function of inflammation?

To isolate and destroy harmful agents.

What are the 5 symptoms of inflammation?

Redness

heat

swelling

pain

disturbance of function

What is chronic inflammation?

long-term inflammation that lasts for weeks, months, or even years.

What is tissue repair?

The substitution of viable cells for dead cells.

What are the 3 types of cells involved in tissue repair?

Labile cells, stable cells, and permanent cells

If cells are killed, how does repair occur?

By replacement.

What are the 4 steps involved in tissue repair?

1. Clot formation

2. Inflammation

3. Formation of granulation tissue

4. Regeneration or replacement of tissues

What can happen in severe wounds?

Wound contracture can occur.

What happens to cell division as people age?

Cells divide more slowly

How does aging affect injury healing?

Injuries heal more slowly.

What happens to the extracellular matrix as we age?

Collagen- and elastic-fiber-containing ECM becomes less flexible and less elastic.

Why does skin wrinkle with age?

The extracellular matrix becomes less flexible and elastic.

What happens to artery elasticity with age?

Elasticity in arteries is reduced.

What happens to bones as people age?

Bones break more easily.