CHM1020 Exam 1

Equations and Law Properties

Molarity (M) Equation

moles solute/liters solution

Mass of Solution Equation

mass solute + mass solvent

Mass % Equation

(mass A in solution/total mass of solution) x 100

Volume % Equation

(volume A in solution/total volume of solution) x 100

Mass/Volume % Equation

(mass A in solution/total volume of solution) x 100

Parts Per Million (PPM) Equation

(mass A in solution/total mass of solution) x 10^6

Parts Per Billion (PPB) Equation

(mass A in solution/total mass of solution) x 10^9

Mole Fraction Equation

moles of A/total moles of all components

molality (m) Equation

moles of solute/kg of solvent

Heat of Hydration Equation

ΔHsolution = ΔHhydration - ΔHlattice energy

Henry’s Law

Solubility = k x partial pressure

Raoult’s Law

P = χP°

Raoult’s Law for Mixtures

Pt = Pa + Pb = χaP˚ a + χbP˚ b

Boiling/Freezing Point Elevation/Depression

ΔT = Kf x m x i

The change in boiling point is proportional to the ____ of the solution.

molality

Colligative Properties

depend on number of solute particles, not identity of particles