Genetics and Inheritance

Flashcards covering key vocabulary and concepts related to genetics and inheritance.

Alleles

Different versions of genes that code for different versions of the same trait.

Dominant Trait

A trait that is expressed if an individual has one or two copies of the dominant allele.

Recessive Trait

A trait that is expressed only when an individual has two copies of the recessive allele.

Genotype

The set of genes an organism has, represented by the combination of alleles inherited from its parents.

Phenotype

The observable traits of an organism.

Homozygous

An organism with two copies of the same allele.

Heterozygous

An organism with two different alleles for a gene.

Example of genotype for purple flowers in pea plants

FF or Ff, where F is the dominant allele for purple flowers.

Example of genotype for white flowers in pea plants

ff, where f is the recessive allele for white flowers.

Masking

When one allele suppresses the expression of another allele.