Exercise 5: Glucose Measurement

Glucose Measurement Review

A **monosaccharide** derived from the catabolism of complex sugars and also known as the **main source of energy** in the body.

Glucose

The stored form of carbohydrates in animals.

Glycogen

It is where the absorbed glucose from the diet can be utilized directly by the cells to produce Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP)

Glycolysis

Where absorbed glucose can be stored in the muscles and liver as glycogen

Glycogenesis

The absorbed glucose can be released back into the circulation when levels are depleted.

Glycogenolysis

It is the main regulatory hormone of glucose.

Insulin

It aims to assess the overall carbohydrate homeostasis of an individual.

Glucose Measurement

Give the 6 diseases for Glucose Measurement

(Format: ccc, bbb, ddd, eee)

Hypoglycemia, hyperglycemia, glycogen storage diseases, G6PD, galactosemia, fructosuria

Greater than 500mg/dL indicate as

\[ Format: blahblah (nyenye) \]

critical value (organ failure)

Greater than normal indicate as

hyperglycemia

70 - 100mg/dL indicate as

normal range of glucose

50 - 55mg/dL indicate as? Is it reversible or irreversible?

(Format: xx, yy)

hypoglycemia, reversible

critical value (unconscious)

Brain damage, irreversible

What are the 3 routinely specimen for chemical and enzymatic method for Glucose?

(Format: blahblah, blehbleh, blihblih)

Serum, plasma, whole blood

It is the most routinely used and considered as the screening method of glucose.

Glucose oxidase method

It is the reference method for glucose.

Hexokinase method

Fasting requirement for glucose according to CLSI.

8 - 12 hours

How many carbohydrate intake 3 days before blood collection

150g/day

It is an antiglycolytic tube used for glucose measurement.

(Format: blahblah - blehbleh blih blih)

Gray top tube - Sodium Fluoride

Give the serum tubes used for glucose measurement.

\[ Format: Hatdog, Cheese (mayo/ketchup), Buns \]

Gold, Red (glass/plastic), Orange

Required Temperature for specimen transport in glucose measurement?

2 - 8C with cold packs

What are the rejection criteria for glucose measurement?

(Format: sinigang na baboy, tinolang manok, hotdog with tinapay, adobong manok, beef kaldereta, beef pares)

Collection tube used is wrong, improperly labeled specimen, quantity not sufficient, overfast specimen, no requisition form, hemolyzed sample

It is an enzymatic indicator test reaction that is quantified by the formation of a pink quinonimine dye.

Trinder reaction

Identify the reaction:

Glucose oxidase

Identify the reaction:

Peroxidase

End color product for glucose.

Pink

Dye used in glucose by catalyzing peroxidase, which reacts with phenol and 4-aminoantipyrine.

Pink Quinonimine Dye

It is where glucose is determined after the enzymatic oxidation.

Glucose oxidase

Volume added for reagent.

1000uL

Volume added for distilled water.

10uL

Volume added for sample.

10uL

Incubation period for glucose.

*(KAHIT ANO SA DALAWA. PAG MALI KAYO HERE, CONSIDERED AS TAMA PA RIN)*

* 10 minutes at 15 - 25C in water bath
* 5 minutes at 37C

It should be stable for?

60 minutes

Wavelength for glucose.

500nm

Reference range for glucose in conventional unit

70 - 100mg/dL

Reference range for glucose in SI unit

3\.9 -

Conversion factor for glucose to convert it into SI unit

0\.0555

What is the conventional unit for glucose?

mg/dL

What is the SI unit for glucose?

mmol/L

What is multiplication factor for glucose?

100mg/dL

What is the interference for glucose measurement?

Hemolyzed sample

Enumerate the 3Ps of Diabetes: (in any order)

\[ Format: pppp, ssss, qqqq \]

*TAMA KA PA RIN BASTA MA ENUMERATE MO YUNG TATLO*

Polydipsia, polyuria, polyphagia

Excessive Thirst.

Polydipsia

Excessive food intake.

Polyphagia

Excessive urination

Polyuria