AP US History Unit 1
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46 Terms
What is the US described as?
A synthesis of international people
What characterized Cultural Diversity within Americas before Columbus
Existing cultures varied significantly
What were some motives for European exploration in the Americas?
Spreading Christianity and Competition for Land
What did European explorers do to gain wealth in the Americas
Operated gold and silver mines along with plantations
Transatlantic Exchange (Colombian Exchange)
Trade of animals, plants, and germs
Why did enslaved Africans come to America
Low cost labor
Who was the wealthiest European empire during this time
Spanish Empire
Where did the Mayas build their civilizations
Yucatán Peninsula (Mexico, Guatemala, Belize)
Aztec Empire Capital
Tenochtitlan
Population of Tenochtitlan
200,000
What crop did the Incas use
Potatoes
Patterns of North American Cultures
Fewer people, less complicated social structures
Some Native American Language Families
Algonquian, Siouan, Athabaskan
How many language families among Natives
20 language families, 400 languages
Southwest Settlement Characterizations
Lived in Caves, Cliffs and used irrigation
Location: Northwest Settlement Characterizations
Alaska and Northern California
Food: Northwest Settlement Characterizations
Fish, game, nuts, berries
Characteristics of Great Plains Tribes and what they acquired in 17th century
Hunted Buffalo, acquired Horses from Spanish
Largest Mississippi River Settlement
Cahokia
Cahokia Population
30,000
Characterizations of Northeast Settlements: Origin
Descended from Adena Hopewell
Characterizations of Northeast Settlements: Politics and Battles
Formed Iroquois Confederation, fought rivals
Characterization of Atlantic Seaboard Settlements
Cherokee, Lumbee, descended from Woodland
Overall diversity
Very diverse
Who brought contact across the Atlantic
Columbus
Why did sailing become more desirable in the late 15th century
Changes in thought and technology
Key changes during Renaissance: Non innovations
Rebirth of Classical Learning, use of artistic and scientific activity
Key changes during the renaissance: Innovations
Gunpowder (China), Compass (Arab), Printing Press
Who dominated Western Europe for centuries
Pope
What did the ottoman Turks threaten in 15th century
Popes authority
What was the reconquista
Reconquest of Spain from Moors
Who funded Columbus
Queen Isabella and King Ferdinand
What event in 1500s happened regarding Northern European Christians
Revolution against the Pope
What was the Protestant reformation
Revolt against Pope by Northern European Christians
Who did competition for trade grow with
Africa, India, China
Who blocked the Asian land route in 1453
The ottomans
Who funded efforts to use sea route to Asia
Henry the navigator
Who used Henry’s sea route
Vasco de Gama
What did the Portuguese trade for in the 15th century
Enslaved West Africans
What were enslaved West Africans used for in the 15th century
Sugar plantations
How did European Kingdoms evolve
Became nation states
What was the role of Western European monarchs in the Americas
Spread Christianity and claim land
What treaty moved the territory line between Spain and Portugal in 1494
Treaty of Tordesillas
How long did Columbus spend on getting financial support
8 years
When Columbus traveled to Bahamas, where did he start?
Canary Islands
What economic system replaced Feudalism in this period
Capitalism