4200- Counseling Quiz

Desensitization

A technique where the client is gradually exposed to anxiety-provoking situations in a safe environment to reduce fear.

Relaxation

Technique used to reduce physical tension and anxiety, often through muscle exercises, visualization, or deep breathing.

Counterquestion

A method where the clinician responds to a client’s indirect question with another question to uncover the client’s true concerns.

Reframing

Encouraging clients/families to view a negative, unchangeable situation in a more positive or productive way.

Open-ended and Indirect Questions

Questions that encourage longer, more thoughtful responses rather than simple yes/no answers.

Role-playing

A therapeutic activity where clients act out situations to practice new behaviors or strategies.

Empathetic Listening

Reflecting the client’s emotions or messages in a nonjudgmental, understanding way to build trust

Paraphrasing Content

Repeating a client’s message in the clinician’s own words to help the client clarify or expand their thoughts.

Summarizing Content

Condensing the client’s messages over a longer stretch of conversation to capture the main ideas.

Purposeful Silence

Intentionally pausing in conversation to allow the client time to process or respond more deeply.

Universality (Group Counseling)

Realizing one is not alone in experiencing a disorder, which can be comforting and validating

Altruism (Group Counseling)

Gaining a sense of fulfillment by helping others in the group.

Imitative Behaviors (Group Counseling)

Learning strategies by observing others in similar situations.

Family Systems Counseling

Acknowledges that changes in one family member affect the whole system; therapy involves considering family dynamics and culture.

IDEA (2004)

Federal law that requires family-centered services for individuals with disabilities, including in counseling.

Hidden Agendas (Group Counseling)

Personal motivations or concerns that are not openly shared with the group but affect behavior or progress.

Dominant Member (Group Counseling)

A person who monopolizes conversation; the clinician must manage this behavior to ensure balanced participation.

What are the three main phases of counseling in speech-language therapy?

1) Establishing the Therapeutic Relationship
2) Implementing Counseling Intervention
3) Terminating the Therapeutic Relationship

What is the clinician’s primary role in the first phase of counseling?

Providing clients/families with information and setting the therapeutic agenda.

Why should clinicians be cautious about how much information they give in the early phase?

Because elevated emotions can limit cognition and processing of information.

What shift occurs during the "Implementing Counseling Intervention" phase?

From an educational mode to a problem-solving orientation.

What is a key skill clinicians must use in the intervention phase?

Listening—distinguishing between teaching and counseling moments.

What are examples of client behaviors that may signal emotional distress during intervention?

Arriving late, missing homework, resisting difficult tasks, forgetting to try new behaviors.

What is the clinician’s role during the intervention phase

Shift to a more nondirective role; support client self-motivation and agenda setting.

What is the focus of counseling during the termination phase?

Helping clients become their own therapist and reinforcing self-advocacy skills.

What emotional response is marked by sorrow and stages such as denial and acceptance?

Grief

According to Luterman, what are the four coping stages?

Denial, resistance, affirmation, and integration.

What emotion is often a defense mechanism triggered by fear or frustration?

Anger

What is depression often a result of in counseling?

Anger turned inward and realization that previous coping strategies were ineffective.

What are two common causes of guilt in families of clients with communicative disorders?

Feeling responsible for causing the disorder or not doing enough for treatment.

What emotion involves feeling worthless and leads to avoidance behaviors?

Shame

What is anxiety in the counseling context?

Apprehension not directly linked to the immediate situation, often ongoing.

What does inadequacy in clients or families often lead to?

Over-reliance on the clinician and feelings of incompetence.

What causes isolation in clients with communication disorders?

Feelings of being misunderstood or rejected, often intensified by other emotions.

Why must clinicians pay close attention to nonverbal behaviors?

Because clients rarely verbalize their emotions directly.