Introduction to Empowerment Technologies and Online Safety

Practice flashcards covering the fundamentals of ICT, the evolution of the Web (1.0 to 3.0), and essential concepts of online safety, internet risks, and netiquette.

Information and Communications Technology (ICT)

The processing of data that includes sending, editing, receiving, locating, and saving using different hardware and software components.

ICT Hub of Asia

A title dubbed to the Philippines, which has 98 million internet users in 2026 and an internet penetration rate of 83.8% of the total population.

Convergent Technologies

The occurrence where, due to advances in technology, several different devices are combined into one device, such as a smartphone.

Social Media

Software applications or platforms that enable communication among users in social communities or online networks.

Mobile Technologies

Devices that are easy to transport and enable fast communication, having evolved from large and bulky units to smaller, compact versions.

Tim Berners-Lee

The inventor of the World Wide Web in 1989, recognized as one of the 100 most important people of the 20th century.

World Wide Web (WWW)

An information system on the Internet that allows documents to be connected to other documents by hypertext links.

Web Browser

A software used to view a website that retrieves information from the web and displays it on a desktop or mobile phone.

Website

A collection of webpages that contains text, images, videos, and other content.

URL (Uniform Resource Locator)

An identifier used to interlink resources from different terminals and webpages through the internet.

Web 1.0

Described as the 'Read Only Web' where users can only read content created by the author and pages are static.

Web 2.0

Known as the 'Read-Write Web' or 'Dynamic Web,' this phase allows for interactivity and user-generated content.

Darcy DiNucci

The person who coined the term 'Web 2.0' in 1999.

Folksonomy

A feature of Web 2.0 that allows users to categorize information using freely chosen keywords or hashtags (e.g., #tagging).

Software as a Service

A model where users access software on demand, often through a subscription, rather than purchasing it outright.

Web 3.0

Also known as the 'semantic web,' it aims to be more open and transparent, focusing on peer-to-peer interactions and data ownership.

Online Safety

Practices and precautions observed when using the internet to ensure users, computers, and personal information are safe from crimes.

Internet Risks

Potential dangers or threats from using the internet that can affect personal safety, privacy, finances, and digital devices.

Cyberbullying

The intentional abuse or harassment of someone through electronic communication.

Outing

A form of cyberbullying involving the sharing of someone's private information online without their permission.

Flaming

Posting angry or offensive comments online to start fights or provoke others.

Trolling

Posting comments meant to annoy or upset others just for the sake of causing trouble.

Identity Theft

A crime where personal information is stolen to impersonate another person and conduct fraudulent transactions.

Cyberstalking

A criminal practice where electronic communication is used to continuously follow, stalk, or harass an individual or group.

Phishing

A cyberattack method using deceptive emails and websites to acquire sensitive personal information.

Internet Threats

Specific dangers or attacks that are usually intentional and technical in nature, designed to harm data, devices, or information.

Malware

Malicious software designed to harm, steal data, or gain unauthorized access to a computer or network.

Worm

A malicious program that replicates itself to spread to other computers.

Ransomware

Malware that blocks access to files or programs and demands payment to unlock them.

Keylogger

A hidden program that records every keystroke to steal passwords and personal information.

Computer Virus

Programs that infect and damage files on a computer, causing issues like corruption and system errors.

Spam

Unwanted email, also known as junk email, often sent by advertisers or bots and used to spread malware.

Cybercrime

A crime in which a computer is used as the object and tool, such as hacking, phishing, child pornography, and libel.

Plagiarism

The dishonest act of presenting another person's ideas, words, or creations as your own without giving credit.

Copyright Infringement

Using or sharing copyrighted content, such as downloading or posting works, without proper rights or permission.

Netiquette

A combination of the words 'net' and 'etiquette,' referring to proper manners and behavior online.