Youngless: Macromolecules (Monomers, Polymers, Elements, Examples and Functions)

Macromolecules

A very large organic molecule composed of many smaller molecules

Monomers

small unit that can join together with other small units to form polymers

Ex: Brick

Polymers

large compound formed from combinations of many monomers

Ex: Brick House

1. Carbohydrates

2. Lipids

3. Proteins

4. Nucleic Acids

Types of Macromolecules

Short Term ENERGY

Structure / Support

What is the function of CARBOHYDRATES? (2)

Sugar and Starch (pasta, bread, fruit and veggies)

Where are CARBOHYDRATES found?

Carbon

Hydrogen

Oxygen

What elements are carbohydrates made of?

Monosaccharides

What is the monomer of carbohydrates?

Polysaccharides

What is the polymer of a carbohydrate?

Long Term Energy Storage

cushioning organs,

insulation,

hormones,

cell membrane

What is the Function of LIPIDS? (5)

Fats

Oils

Cell Membrane

Steroids

Where can Lipids be found?

carbon, hydrogen, oxygen (2)

What elements make up lipids?

no true monomer (fatty acids)

What is the monomer of lipids?

fats, oils, waxes, phospholipids, steroids, hormones

What are the polymers of LIPIDS?

1. Enzymes control the rate of chemical reactions

2. Hormones regulate cell processes (ex. Insulin)

3. Used to form bones and muscles (ex. Collagen)

4. Transports substances in & out of cells (ex. Hemoglobin)

5. Antibodies help fight diseases

6. Food source (Ex. Casein in milk)

What is the function of PROTEINS (6 of them)

Meat, nuts, yogurt, beans (hemoglobin in blood, insulin)

Where can I find protein in food?

carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen

What elements are in proteins?

Amino Acids

What is the monomer of proteins?

Polypeptide

What is the polymer of a protein?

DNA

RNA

ATP

(NOT in Food; get from your parents)

Where are NUCLEIC ACIDS found?

Carbon

Hydrogen

Oxygen

Nitrogen

Phosphorous

What elements are found in nucleic acids?

Nucleotides

What is the monomer of NUCLEIC ACIDS?

DNA

RNA

What is the polymer of nucleic acids?

store and transmit genetic information (hereditary information)

What is the function of Nucleic Acids?