Laryngopharynx and Larynx

The laryngopharynx is:

A. The area above the soft palate B. The first part of the hypopharynx opposite the laryngeal opening C. The region between soft palate and epiglottis D. The space below the trachea E. The same as the nasopharynx

B. The first part of the hypopharynx opposite the laryngeal opening

The hypopharynx proper lies:

A. Above the oropharynx B. Behind the larynx and before the oesophagus C. Within the nasal cavity D. Between thyroid and cricoid cartilages E. Inside the trachea

B. Behind the larynx and before the oesophagus

Which cartilage is unpaired?

A. Arytenoid B. Corniculate C. Triticeal D. Epiglottis E. Cuneiform

D. Epiglottis

Which cartilage forms a complete ring?

A. Thyroid B. Epiglottis C. Cricoid D. Arytenoid E. Corniculate

C. Cricoid

The quadrangular membrane forms the core of the:

A. Vocal folds B. Aryepiglottic folds C. Cricothyroid ligament D. Vocal ligament E. Conus elasticus

B. Aryepiglottic folds

The vocal ligament is formed from thickening of the:

A. Thyrohyoid membrane B. Quadrangular membrane C. Cricotracheal ligament D. Cricothyroid membrane (conus elasticus) E. Hyoepiglottic ligament

D. Cricothyroid membrane (conus elasticus)

The subglottic space extends from:

A. Epiglottis to vestibular folds B. Upper margin of vocal folds to arytenoids C. Lower margin of vocal folds to first tracheal ring D. Thyroid cartilage to hyoid bone E. Arytenoids to cricoid cartilage

C. Lower margin of vocal folds to first tracheal ring

Vestibular folds are lined predominantly by:

A. Simple squamous epithelium B. Respiratory epithelium C. Transitional epithelium D. Stratified squamous keratinised E. Cuboidal epithelium

B. Respiratory epithelium

True vocal folds are lined by:

A. Respiratory epithelium B. Simple columnar epithelium C. Stratified squamous non-keratinised epithelium D. Transitional epithelium E. Endothelium

C. Stratified squamous non-keratinised epithelium

The muscle responsible for abducting the vocal folds is:

A. Lateral cricoarytenoid B. Cricothyroid C. Thyroarytenoid D. Posterior cricoarytenoid E. Transverse arytenoid

D. Posterior cricoarytenoid

Which muscle is responsible for adduction of the vocal folds?

A. Posterior cricoarytenoid B. Lateral cricoarytenoid C. Cricothyroid D. Stylohyoid E. Mylohyoid

B. Lateral cricoarytenoid

The only intrinsic laryngeal muscle not supplied by the recurrent laryngeal nerve is:

A. Posterior cricoarytenoid B. Lateral cricoarytenoid C. Thyroarytenoid D. Vocalis E. Cricothyroid

E. Cricothyroid

Sensory supply above the vocal folds is via the:

A. Recurrent laryngeal nerve B. External laryngeal nerve C. Internal laryngeal nerve D. Hypoglossal nerve E. Glossopharyngeal nerve

C. Internal laryngeal nerve

Sensory supply below the vocal folds is via the:

A. Internal laryngeal nerve B. External laryngeal nerve C. Recurrent laryngeal nerve D. Glossopharyngeal nerve E. Hypoglossal nerve

C. Recurrent laryngeal nerve

The superior laryngeal artery supplies:

A. Infraglottis only B. Subglottis only C. Supraglottis and glottis D. Trachea only E. Oesophagus

C. Supraglottis and glottis

The inferior laryngeal artery accompanies which nerve?

A. Internal laryngeal nerve B. External laryngeal nerve C. Recurrent laryngeal nerve D. Hypoglossal nerve E. Glossopharyngeal nerve

C. Recurrent laryngeal nerve

The arytenoids pivot around:

A. Thyroid cartilage B. Hyoid bone C. Cricoid cartilage D. Epiglottis E. Tracheal ring

C. Cricoid cartilage

The ventricles of the larynx:

A. Lie below the cricoid B. Contain lymph nodes C. Extend between vestibular and vocal folds D. Form part of the glottis E. Are part of the infraglottis

C. Extend between vestibular and vocal folds

Extrinsic muscles of the larynx function to:

A. Produce sound B. Change position of the hyoid and larynx C. Tense the vocal ligament D. Close the laryngeal inlet E. Abduct vocal folds

B. Change position of the hyoid and larynx

The cricothyroid muscle acts to:

A. Abduct vocal folds B. Relax vocal folds C. Tense vocal folds D. Adduct arytenoids E. Depress epiglottis

C. Tense vocal folds

The larynx lies opposite which vertebral levels in adults?
A. C2–C4
B. C3–C6
C. C4–C7
D. C5–T1
E. C6–T2

B

The only intrinsic muscle that abducts the vocal folds is:
A. Lateral cricoarytenoid
B. Cricothyroid
C. Posterior cricoarytenoid
D. Thyroarytenoid
E. Vocalis

C

The vocal ligament is the thickened superior margin of the:
A. Quadrangular membrane
B. Thyrohyoid membrane
C. Conus elasticus
D. Cricotracheal ligament
E. Hyoepiglottic ligament

C

Sensory supply above the vocal folds is via the:
A. Recurrent laryngeal nerve
B. External laryngeal nerve
C. Internal laryngeal nerve
D. Glossopharyngeal nerve
E. Hypoglossal nerve

C

The piriform fossa is located in the:
A. Oropharynx
B. Nasopharynx
C. Laryngopharynx
D. Vestibule
E. Subglottis

C

Name the three unpaired laryngeal cartilages.

thyroid, cricoid, epiglottis

Name the paired laryngeal cartilages.

arytenoid, corniculate, triticeal

What forms the rima glottidis?

space between vocal folds

What artery supplies the supraglottis?

superior laryngeal artery

What nerve supplies the cricothyroid muscle?

external laryngeal nerve

The quadrangular membrane forms the:

A. Vocal ligaments
B. Cricothyroid ligament
C. Vestibular ligaments
D. Cricotracheal ligament
E. Arytenoid cartilage

C

The cricothyroid membrane lies between:

A. Thyroid and hyoid
B. Cricoid and trachea
C. Cricoid and thyroid cartilages
D. Arytenoids
E. Epiglottis and thyroid

C

The rima vestibuli lies between the:

A. Vocal folds
B. Vestibular folds
C. Arytenoids
D. Epiglottis
E. True cords only

B

The cricoid cartilage is:

A. Incomplete posteriorly
B. The only complete cartilaginous ring
C. Paired
D. Above the thyroid cartilage
E. Part of the hyoid

B

The external laryngeal nerve supplies:

A. All intrinsic muscles
B. Only posterior cricoarytenoid
C. Cricothyroid
D. Vocalis
E. Aryepiglottic

C