Psychology Unit 3

Sensation

The process by which our sensory receptors and nervous system receive and represent stimulus energies from our environment.

Transduction

The conversion of stimulus energies into neural impulses that the brain can interpret.

Perception

The process of organizing and interpreting sensory information to recognize meaningful objects and events.

Visual Cortex

The area in the occipital lobe of the brain that processes visual information.

Cochlea

A coiled, fluid-filled tube in the inner ear that contains auditory receptors.

Taste Buds

Sensory receptors located primarily on the tongue; involved in detecting taste.

Gustatory Cortex

The brain area that processes taste information.

Nociceptors

Specialized pain receptors located in the skin, muscles, and organs.

Vestibular System

The sensory system responsible for maintaining balance and spatial orientation.

Kinesthetic System

The sensory system that provides information about body position and movement.

Top-Down Processing

The interpretation of sensory data based on prior knowledge, experiences, and expectations.

Gestalt Principles of Organization

Rules describing how we spontaneously organize sensory information into meaningful wholes.

Optical Illusions

Stimuli designed to trick our perceptual system, demonstrating misinterpretations of sensory information.

Emotional Responses to Visual Cues

The reactions that occur in response to visual stimuli, which can be influenced by personal experiences.

Contextual Misinterpretation

When surrounding environmental factors alter our perception of an object.

Sensory Adaptation

Diminished sensitivity to a stimulus as a result of prolonged exposure.