History- Unit 4

Merger

When companies buy each other and “merge”

Assembly line

Made for more and faster production, Henry Ford

Laissez-faire

The government had very little control during this period, economy was booming

Henry Ford

Made cars affordable, taught Americans English, Americanized employes, vertical integration

Consumerism

At its highest point during the 20s, standard of living rose, people would spend money on pleasure

Chicago Race Riots

Took place in the “Black Belt”, children and adults were rioting against the increasing population of Black communities, took down houses in the community

Harlem Renaissance

Took place in Harlem New York, was a time for literature, particularly in Black communities, poetry and music came out of it

Jazz

New cultural developments, was a way for the Black community to tell stories, many white opposed

Ku Klux Klan

Came to save White Supremacy, surged after 1915, “lost cause history”, Birth of a Nation

Red Scare

Fear that communism was going to take over the US, targeted mostly immigrants, and anarchists

Anarchists

Believed in no government

Bolsheviks

Party that took over after the Russian Rev., communists

Communists

No private property, for the people, very high government control

Socialists

Higher government control than capitalism, high equity

A. Mitchell Palmer

Went after immigrants and deported them, between 6-10,000 people

Sacco and Vanzetti

Were Italian immigrants and anarchists, were targeted after a murder because of it and sent to death by Judge Thayer

Judge Thayer

Judge for the Sacco and Vanzetti case, believed what he did was correct, very bais

Scopes Monkey Trial

1925, charged with teaching evolution, ends up losing

Buttler Act

Banned teaching of evolution in public school in Tennessee

Clarence Darrow

Ubran, pro evolution, when he puts Bryan in trail makes him look like a fool

William Jennings Bryan

Rural, anit-evolution, memaince of darwinism

Herbert Hoover

Believed it was your fault if you were poor, president from 1929-1933

Rugged individualism

Idea of what an American should be in Hoover eyes, work for themselves

Bonus Army

They got a bonus for fighting in WWI, they want it in 1932, Hoover thinks of it as a hand out

Hoovervilles

Camps where homeless people lived

The New Deal

1933-1935, a collection of government programs to help the US get through the Great Depression and prevent a new one

Mexican Deportations

Deported between 1 million people, 60% were citizens, paid for them to leave

Treaty of Versailles

Harmed Germany, war guilt, limited army size, and had to pay money, Italy and Japan followed suit

Reparations

Germany owed lots of them, and think they should not have, blamed Jewish poeple

Senator Nye

Said we went into WW1 for businesses profit

Neutrality Acts of the 1930s

Could not send weapons to countries, Nazi-Soviet act they would not attack each other

Appeasement

Appeased Germany by giving Hitler land, does not work

Lend-Lease Act

Loan bombs to countries and countries would give them back after the war, put in place by FDR

Pearl Harbor

December 7, 1941, US attacked by Japan, US declared on Japan, Germany declared war on US

National Industrial Recovery Act

Designed to raise prices and lower unemployment, companies that followed put a blue eagle in their window, minimum wages, did not work

Home Owners Loan Corporation

Allowed people to pay off their houses in 30 years vs 15 years, helped 1 million people save their homes

Public Works Administration

Works opportunities for people, construction jobs, lasted from 1933-1939

Civilian Conservation Corps

Started on 1933, combines work relief with nature protection, 2.5 million to work on roads, park construction and flood protection, $25 went back to their families

Tennessee Valley Authority

Industrial company that could sell electricity and flood control, areas got electricity that had not before because it was expensive

Relief, Recovery, Reform

The three goals of the new deal, to stop the bleeding, to cure the bleeding, and to prevent the bleeding

Social Security Act

1935, If people could not work, the government would provide a safety net for them

Holocaust

The killing of 6 million Jewish people in Nazi Europe

St. Louis

Ship that left from Germany, 938 passengers fleeing, went to Cuba, did not welcome them, and then the US did not welcome them, 254 of the passengers died

Anti-Semitism

Hate against Jewish people

Final Solution

Nazi-Germany desiding it was going to kill all Jewish people, 1942

Dearborn Independent

Henry Ford’s newspaper, spreading Jewish stereotypes, highly advertised

Henry Morgenthau

Sent a telegram to government saying that if we do not intervene soon we could be claimed as anti-Semitism

Executive Order 9066

FDR issued that all Japanese Americans should be interned as they are seen as potially dangerous. “evacuation”

Munson Report

Stated that Japanese Americans were not dangerous, and pose no threat the WW2

Korematsu Supreme Court Ruling

Stated that Japanese Americans were targeted because of racial profiling. This ruling is used in more cases when certain things are claimed as dangerous

Alphabet Soup

The names for all of FDR’s new deal plan programs

Manhattan Project

project during WW2 to produce the first atomic bomb, led by the allies powers

Four Freedoms

FDR’s reasons for war; speech, warship, want, and fear

Omaha Beach

One of the beaches where D-Day occured, suffered one of the most deaths

Atomic Bomb

U.S. bombs Japan and ends the war

Fire bombings of Dresden and Tokyo

Britain and US dropped so many bombs that fire was starting and caused lots of death, deadest air raids in history