Chem Gas laws test

What is the units for liter conversion

22.4

What is the number for molecules in stoich?

6.022 × 10²³

What are all the unit conversions?

Grams to moles and vice versa, liters to moles and vice versa, and moles go molecules and vice versa

Is it possible to do grams to molecules in one step? Why or why not?

No because no direct conversión between the two so must convert to moles first

What unit is the middle man

Moles

What temperature is standard

Kelvin

How to turn Celsius into kelvin

Add 273

What is boyle’s law

P1(V1)=P2(V2). Volume and pressure are inverse porprotional. Graph is decreasing and concave up. Temperature stays constant

What is charles’s law?

V1/T1=V2/T2. Pressure is constant, volume and temperature is directly proportional, and the graph is linear increasing

What is gay-lussac’s law

P1/T1=P2/T2. Volume is constant and pressure and temp are directly proportionsl. Graph is linear increading

What is the name for standard pressure?

Atmosphere

What is the unit for kelvin and atmospjere?

K for kelvin, ATM for atmosphere

What is STP?

Standard temperature and pressure. Universal unit for gas

What is kinetics?

Study of reaction rates and the factors affecting these rates

What is reaction rates?

Change in concentration of a reactant or product per unit of time

What is the activated complex?

The height of a rection. Temporary unstable arrangement that changes to form products

Where is activation energy? graph

From the reactants line to the actiated complex. Energy needed to initate the reaction. Do activated complex-rectants

What is the reverse equation?

The opposite so an it would be an exo graph if the initial graph was endo

What is true about activation energy and rate for exo and endo graphs?

Exo’s needed activation energy is low so rate is high and endo’s activation energy is high so rate is low

What is the enthalpy in a graph?

Energy of products-energy of rectants. So difference between the two

What is potential energy of activatd complex? graph

From activatd complex to products

What is potential energy for products? graph

Products to 0. Basically the heigh of the products

What is the potential energy for reactants? Graph

reactants like to 0. Basically height of reactants

What is a catalyst? What are changes it makes?

Substance that speeds up reaction by lowering activation energy. Increases forward and reverse reactions but does not change equilibrium

What are factors that increase reaction rate?

Temperature, concentration, surface area, pressure, and use of a catalyst

How to increase reaction rate

Increase tenperatyre, concentreration, surface area, prssure, and use a catalyst

Do ionic or covalent bonds react faster?

Ionic

What does the use of an inhibitor do?

Slows down reaction

When is equilibrium reached?

If concentration stays the same. NOT that prodcuts and reactants equal each other

When does nonequilibrium happen?

When thers a limiting factor

What is enthalpy?

Amount of heat per mole (J/mol)

if more reactant is added, what is the reaction and what happens to equilibrium?

Forward reaction speeds up and will shift right to balance

If product is added, what happens to equilibrium?

Will shift left to balance

If reactant is removed, what happens to equilibrium?

Will shift left to balance

If product is removed, what happens to equilibrium?

will shift right to balance

If change in heat is negative, what does it mean in terms of reactants and products?

Heat is released so it becomes a product

If change in heat is positive, what does it mean in terms of reactants and products?

Heat is absorved so it becomes a reactant

If heat increases, how does that impact equilibrium?

It will shift to opposite side that heat is on to releave stress

If heat decreases, how does that impact equilibrium?

It will shift to the side that heat is on

If volume decreases, what happens to equilibrium? How does this change affect pressure

Shifts to the side with least particles. Change decreases pressure

If volume increses, what happens to equilibrium? Why? How does this change affect pressure

Shifts to side with more particles. Does it to regain lost pressure so it increases pressure