ch 9 a close look at the kidney

nephron

kidney’s functional unit

major structures of kidney

cortex

medulla

renal artery

renal calyx

renal pelvis

renal vein

ureters

nephron 2 main actions

reabsorption of water back into bloodstream

secretion of ions and wastes into tubule fluid

tubule fluid eventually becomes

concentrated urine containing wastes

nephron filters blood to remove

fluid

wastes

electrolytes

regulates acids and bases

components of nephron

glomerulus

Bowman capsule

proximal convoluted tubule

loop of Henle

distal convoluted tubule

collecting tubule or collecting duct

glomerulus

network of twisted capillaries

filter for passage of protein-free and red blood cell-free filtrate to Bowman capsule

Bowman capsule

has glomerulus and acts as a reservoir for glomerular filtrate

proximal convoluted tubule

site of reabsorption of water, glucose, amino acids, metabolites and electrolytes from filtrate

reabsorbed substances return to circulation

loop of Henle

U-shaped nephron tubule in medulla extending from PCT to DCT

site for further concentration of filtrate through reabsorption of water

secretion of urea into nephron tubules

distal convoluted tubule

site from which filtrate enters collecting tubule

aldosterone increases reabsorption of sodium and water into bloodstream

collecting tubule/collecting duct

ADH enhances reabsorption of water into blood here

ADH results in concentrated urine that is then released into renal pelvis