EX 14

BOLD = MAIN DISTINGUISHING CHARACTERISTICS

A. Entamoeba histolytica

B. AMOEBA

C. AMOEBIASIS

A. identify the organism

B. what group does this organism belong to

C. causative agent for:

(Entamoeba histolytica)

A. CYST

B. IODINE STAIN

C.

• SPHERICAL SHAPE

• DEFINITE CYSTIC WALL

• YELLOWISH-GREEN CYTOPLASM

• 1-4 NUCLEI (immature: 1-2; mature: 4)

• CHROMATOIDAL BARS

• GLYCOGEN MASK

A. stage/form

B. stain used

C. distinguishing characteristics

(Entamoeba histolytica)

A. TROPHOZOITE

B. IRON HEMATOXYLIN STAIN

C.

• IRREGULAR SHAPE

• GRAYISH VIOLET CYTOPLASM

• FOOD VACUOLES (W/ RBC)

• 1 NUCLEUS

• CHROMATIN GRANULES

• CENTRALLY LOCATED KARYOSOME

A. stage/form

B. stain used

C. distinguishing characteristics

A. Giardia lamblia (intestinalis)

B. FLAGELLATES

A. identify the organism

B. what group does this organism belong to

(Giardia lamblia)

A. CYST

B. IODINE STAIN

C.

• OVOIDAL / FOOTBALL SHAPED

• DOUBLE WALLED APPEARING DEFINITIVE CYSTIC WALL

• YELLOW CYTOPLASM

• 2-4 NUCLEI

• CROSSED FIBRILS

A. stage/form

B. stain used

C. distinguishing characteristics

(Giardia lamblia)

A. TROPHOZOITE

B. IRON HEMATOXYLIN STAIN

C.

• PEAR SHAPED

• BILATERALLY SYMMETRCAL

• (ANTERIOR): NUCLEI WITH KARYOSOME

• SUCKING DISK

• 4 PAIRS THIN FLAGELLA

A. stage/form

B. stain used

C. distinguishing characteristics

A. Trichomonas vaginalis

B. FLAGELLATES

C. TRICHOMONIASIS

A. identify the organism

B. what group does this organism belong to

C. causative agent for:

(Trichomonas vaginalis)

A. TROPHOZOITE

B. IRON HEMATOXYLIN STAIN

C.

• PYRIFORM SHAPED

• GRAYISH VIOLET CYTOPLASM

• SIDEROPHIL GRANULES

• 1 OVOIDAL NUCLEUS

• UNDULATING MEMBRANE (1 FLAGELLUM ATTACHED)

• AXOSTYLE

• 4 ANT. FLAGELLA

A. stage/form

B. stain used

C. distinguishing characteristics

A. Plasmodium vivax

B. SPOROZOA

A. identify the organism

B. what group does this organism belong to

(Plasmodium vivax)

A. RING FORM

B. METHYLENE BLUE STAIN

C.

• DELICATE RING

• 1/3 OF RBC

• 1 RED CHROMATIN DOT

• BLUE SCANTY CYTOPLASM

A. stage/form

B. stain used

C. distinguishing characteristics

(Plasmodium vivax)

A. MATURE SCHIZONT

B. LEISHMAN STAIN

C.

• SEGMENTED SHAPED

• FILLS UP RBC

• 12-24 MEROZOITES

• PINK SCHAUFFNER’S DOTS

A. stage/form

B. stain used

C. distinguishing characteristics

A. Plasmodium falciparum

B. SPOROZOA

A. identify the organism

B. what group does this organism belong to

(Plasmodium falciparum)

A. RING FORM

B. METHYLENE BLUE STAIN

C.

• HEAD PHONE SHAPED

• VERY DELICATE RING; APPLIQUE

• 1/5 OF RBC

• 2 CHROMATIN DOTS

• BLUISH CYTOPLASM

A. stage/form

B. stain used

C. distinguishing characteristics

(Plasmodium falciparum)

A. GAMETOCYTE

B. METHYLENE BLUE STAIN

C.

• CRESENT / BANANA SHAPED

• LARGER THAN RBC

• DIFFUSED / COMPACT CHROMATIN

• BLUE CYTOPLASM (WITH SCATTERED OR COMPACT GRANULES)

A. stage/form

B. stain used

C. distinguishing characteristics

A. Trichuris trichiura

B. NEMATODES (ROUND WORMS)

C. WHIP WORM

A. identify the organism

B. what group does this organism belong to

C. also called?

(Trichuris trichiura)

A. OVUM

B. IODINE STAIN

C.

• BARREL SHAPED

• BIPOLAR MUCOID PLUGS

• 4 LAYERS:

  1. VITELLINE

  2. CHORIONIC

  3. ALBUMIOUS

  4. BILE-STAINED LAYER

• ORGANIZED PROTOPLASM

A. stage/form

B. stain used

C. distinguishing characteristics

A. Hookworm: Ancylostoma duodenale

B. NEMATODES (ROUND WORMS)

A. identify the organism

B. what group does this organism belong to

(Ancylostoma duodenale)

A. OVUM

B.

• OVAL SHAPED

• COLORLESS

• 2 LAYERS:

  1. VITELLINE

  2. CHORIONIC

• 2-4 CELL CLEAVAGE / SEGMENTATION

A. stage/form

B. distinguishing characteristics

A. Ascaris lumbricoides

B. NEMATODES (ROUND WORMS)

A. identify the organism

B. what group does this organism belong to

(Ascaris lumbricoides)

A. ADULT

B.

• ELONGATED, CYLINDRICAL, TAPERING BLUNTLY

• ATTENUATED POSTERIOR

• MALE: POST. CURVED VENTRAD

• FEMALE: POST. CONICAL AND STRAIGHT

A. stage/form

B. distinguishing characteristics

(Ascaris lumbricoides)

A. OVUM

B.

• OVOIDAL

• GOLDEN BROWN COLOR

• 3 LAYERS:

  1. VITELLINE

  2. CHORIONIC

  3. ALBUMINOID LAYER WITH MAMMILATIONS

• ORGANIZED PROTOPLASM

A. stage/form

B. distinguishing characteristics

A. Enterobius vermicularis

B. NEMATODES (ROUND WORMS)

C. PINWORMS

D. SEATWORMS

A. identify the organism

B. what group does this organism belong to

C. female is called?

D. male is called?

(Enterobius vermicularis)

A. ADULT FEMALE

B.

• SPINDLE SHAPED

• ANT. CEPHALIC ALAE

• TAIL: SHARPLY POINTED (FEMALE)

A. stage/form

B. distinguishing characteristics

(Enterobius vermicularis)

A. OVUM

B.

• OVOIDAL WITH ONE SIDE FLATTENED

• COLORLESS

• 3 LAYERS:

  1. VITELLINE

  2. 2 LAYERS OF CHITIN AND THICK HYALINE

  3. ALBUMINOUS

• FULLY EMBRYONATED

A. stage/form

B. distinguishing characteristics

A. Schistosoma japonicum

B. TREMATODES (FLATWORMS)

A. identify the organism

B. what group does this organism belong to

(Schistosoma japonicum)

A. OVUM

B.

• OVOIDAL IN SHAPE

• THIN EGGSHELL

• ROUGH BEADED = CELLULAR DEBRIS

• SMALL LATERAL TUBERCLE

• CILLIATED MIRACIDIUM

A. stage/form

B. distinguishing characteristics

A. Taenia solium (PORK TAPEWORM)

B. CESTODES (TAPEWORMS)

A. identify the organism

B. what group does this organism belong to

(Taenia solium)

A. ADULT

B.

• WHITE / CREAMY TAPE-WORM

• 800-1000 PROGLOTTIDS

• SCOLEX

• IMMATURE, MATURE, AND GRAVID SEGMENTS

A. stage/form

B. distinguishing characteristics

(Taenia solium)

A. OVUM

B.

• ROUND SHAPE

• THICK SHELL; GOLDEN BROWN; RADIALLY STRIATED

• HAS ONCOSPHERE / HEXACANTH WITH 6 HOOKLETS

A. stage/form

B. distinguishing characteristics

Entamoeba histolytica

• Ingestion of cysts in contaminated food or water

mode of infection:

Trichomonas vaginalis

• Sexual contact

mode of infection:

Plasmodium spp.

• Bite of infected female Anopheles mosquito

mode of infection:

Hookworm

• Skin penetration by infective larvae from soil

mode of infection:

Ascaris lumbricoides

• Ingestion of eggs from contaminated food, water, or soil

mode of infection:

Enterobius vermicularis

• Ingestion or inhalation of eggs (hand-to-mouth)

mode of infection:

Schistosoma japonicum

• Skin penetration by cercariae in contaminated water

mode of infection: