Chap 10: Hunger and Thirst

Hypovolemic Thirst

Thirst triggered by the loss of fluid volume without a change in solute concentration.

Osmotic Thirst

Thirst triggered by high solute concentration in the extracellular fluid, which causes cellular dehydration.

Baroreceptors

Special nerve cells in blood vessels that detect changes in blood pressure or volume and trigger thirst in response to low blood volume.

Angiotensin II

A hormone produced during the angiotensin cascade that increases blood pressure and promotes thirst.

Subfornical Organ (SFO)

A part of the brain that detects high levels of angiotensin II and signals other brain areas to initiate drinking.

Osmosensory neurons

these neurons are in anterior hypothalamus respond to rise in blood osmotic pressure (salt)

resistant

Obese people are ______ resistant

Ghrelin

A hormone produced by the stomach and gut that stimulates appetite.

Ghrelin

Prader-Willi Syndrome occurs when there is excessive _____ hormone

Lateral Hypothalamus (LH)

A brain region responsible for initiating hunger and feeding behavior

AgRP/NPY Neurons

Neurons that stimulate appetite and contribute to weight gain.

POMC/CART Neurons

Neurons that suppress appetite and help regulate weight by increasing metabolism.

Anorexia Nervosa

A severe eating disorder characterized by restricted eating or binge-eating/purging behaviors, and a fear of weight gain.

Bulimia

this is recurrent binge eating disorder

40%, 90%

Women with anorexia and bulimia have ___% childhood anxiety and ___% depression

30% , 5%

of 246 women with eating disorders, __% attempted suicide

__% died

insula and orbitofrontal cortex

Teens with eating disorder have larger ____ and ____

Anorexia Nervosa

this disorder decreases in white students as compared to black as they grow.

Monjaro, ozempic

This is the new drug treatment of obesity. This is also glucagon like peptide agonist.