Chemistry Prefixes, Suffixes, and Hydrocarbons

Vocabulary flashcards summarizing key chemistry prefixes, suffixes, and common hydrocarbons discussed in the lecture notes.

inter-

Prefix meaning between

intra-

Prefix meaning within

meth(yl)-

Prefix for an organic group containing a single carbon (CH3-)

hydro-

Prefix relating to water

mono-

Prefix meaning one

poly-

Prefix meaning many or multiple

-ide

Suffix indicating a binary compound of two elements; typically a non-metallic ion

-ane

Suffix denoting an alkane; hydrocarbon with only single bonds

-ene

Suffix denoting an alkene; hydrocarbon containing a carbon–carbon double bond

-yne

Suffix denoting an alkyne; hydrocarbon containing a carbon–carbon triple bond

-philic

Suffix meaning having an affinity for

-phobic

Suffix meaning having an aversion to; repelled by

-ose

Suffix indicating a sugar

-ase

Suffix indicating an enzyme

-ite

Suffix indicating an oxyanion with one fewer oxygen than the -ate form

-ic acid

Suffix denoting a carboxylic acid group

-ate

Suffix indicating a polyatomic ion composed of three or more elements, one of which is oxygen

Methane

Simplest alkane; formula CH4

Ethane

Two-carbon alkane; formula C2H6

Propane

Three-carbon alkane; formula C3H8

Butane

Four-carbon alkane; formula C4H10

Pentane

Five-carbon alkane; formula C5H12

Hexane

Six-carbon alkane; formula C6H14

Heptane

Seven-carbon alkane; formula C7H16

Octane

Eight-carbon alkane; formula C8H18

1-Butene

Four-carbon alkene with a double bond between carbons 1 and 2

cis-2-butene

Geometric isomer of 2-butene with CH3 groups on the same side of the double bond

trans-2-butene

Geometric isomer of 2-butene with CH3 groups on opposite sides of the double bond