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chemical reaction
The process in which atoms are rearranged to create new substances
During a chemical reaction, _________.
the bonds that hold atoms together may be formed or broken
signs of chemical reactions
formation of a precipitate, change in color, odor, the appearance of gas bubbles.
Chemical formula
Uses chemical symbols and numbers to represent a given substance
Subscripts
The numbers written below and to the right of chemical symbols that tell you how many of each type of atom are in a molecule
Chemical equation
An expression that uses symbols to show the relationship between the starting substances and the substances that are produced by a chemical reaction
Reactants
The substances that participate in a chemical reaction
Products
The substances formed in a chemical reaction
yields sign
an arrow that points from reactants to products
Law of conservation of mass
Matter is neither created nor destroyed in ordinary chemical and physical changes
balancing an equation
when the reactants and products contain the same number of atoms of each element
coefficients
A number that is placed in front of a chemical formula
endothermic reactions
chemical reactions that require an input of energy is called an endothermic reaction
example of endothermic process
photosynthesis
Exothermic reaction
A chemical reaction in which energy is released to the surroundings
Law of conservation of energy
States that energy cannot be created or destroyed, but can change form
what affects the rates of reactions?
concentration, surface area, temperature, catalysts
how does concentration affect the rate of reaction?
at higher concentration, there are more reactants in a given volume. the reaction rate is higher when reactant concentration is higher.
how does surface area affect the rate of reaction?
reaction rate increases when more reactant particles are exposed to one another
how does temperature affect the rate of reaction?
particles move faster at higher temperatures. because the reactant particles move more quickly, they are more likely to collide and react
Catalyst
A substance that changes the rate of a chemical reaction without being used up or changed very much
Note 
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