Study Guide Speech Path I - Lea + Bee

Stimulability

________: examines the child's ability to produce or imitate a misarticulated sound correctly.

Phonological impairment

________: involves patterns of sound errors.

Aural

________ (re)- habilitation: intervention for persons who have not developed listening, speech, and language skills.

Norm

________ referenced tests- compare individuals 'performance in a specific area with that of their same aged peers.

Remediation

________: slow the progress or reverse the course of the disorder.

Formulation

________: getting thoughts and ideas together.

Reduplication

________: first syllable in a word is repeated.

Brain

________ processes the frequency + intensity of the sound waves as pitch + loudness.

Comprehension

________: Making sense of the information.

Presbycusis

________: degeneration of inner ear + other auditory structures as result of aging.

phrases

Repetitions: when speakers repeat sounds, syllables, words, or ________.

Assessment

________: evaluations of speech, language, cognitive- communication, + swallowing skills by SLP.

Form

________: includes syntax, morphology, + phonology (which are rules for the organization of words and sounds)

Transmission

________: Conveying thoughts and ideas to another person, often by speech.

Core

________ stuttering behavior: observable, uncontrollable disfluencies that a person makes when speaking.

Otosclerosis

________ is an abnormal bone growth around the ossicles.

Caregivers role

________: encourage infants to keep communicating by=

mood

Can be temporary or permanent, affecting a persons ________.

Communication strategies

________ for people who are Deaf or Hard- of- hearing.

semantics

Content (________): are rules for the meaning of words and word combinations.

Inner ear

________: is a fluid- filled cavity inside the temporal bone that has three major cavities.

Hearing

the perception of sound, or in combination, the perception of speech

Inner ear

is a fluid-filled cavity inside the temporal bone that has three major cavities

Cochlear

Hearing Organ

Middle ear

The middle ears function is to communicate with the pharynx, equilibrates with external pressure and transmits the eardrum vibrations to the inner ear can be separated into

Auditory Processing Disorder

affects the processing of sounds in the auditory center in the brain

Etiology

cause(s) of a disease/condition

Developmental

prelingual hearing loss

Acquired

postlingual hearing loss

Conductive

damage to outer/middle ear

Sensorineural

damage to cochlea or auditory nerve

Presbycusis

degeneration of inner ear + other auditory structures as result of aging

Noise induced hearing loss

caused by exposure to damaging lvls of noise

Otitis media

an infection of the middle ear, the air-filled space behind the eardrum that contains the tiny vibrating bones of the ear

-16 to -25

minimal hearing loss

-26 to -40

mild hearing loss

-41 to -55

moderate hearing loss

-56 to -70

moderately severe hearing loss

-71 to -90

severe hearing loss

Speech Banana know

Speech zone, Type of speech, Sounds that are high frequency vs low frequency, + General decibel range sounds lie

Aural (re-)habilitation

intervention for persons who have not developed listening, speech, and language skills

Communication

the process of sharing information between two or more people

Formulation

getting thoughts and ideas together

Transmission

Conveying thoughts and ideas to another person, often by speech

Comprehension

Making sense of the information

Language

socially shared code that uses a system of symbols including sounds and words to represent ideas to others

Content (semantics)

are rules for the meaning of words and word combinations

Form

includes syntax, morphology, + phonology (which are rules for the organization of words and sounds)

syntax

rules for the international organization of sentences

Phonology

rules for the sounds, Or phonemes, in syllables and words

Hearing

perception of sound/ speech sounds

Joint attention

Engagement of two or more individuals (in mental focus) on the same object or event at the same time

Rituals of infancy

Helps children learn the rituals of speech by giving them comfort predictability, and opportunities to learn language

Caregiver responsiveness

Caregivers' responses to infants encourage them to keep communicating

Caregivers role

encourage infants to keep communicating by =

Marginal Babbling

4-6 months one syllable sound

Reduplicated Babbling

7-10 months = uses more syllables and repetition

Childhood language disorders

Significant impairment in the acquisition + use of language across modalities due to deficits in comprehension and/or production across any of the five language domains

Decoding

using letter-sound correspondence to understand printed words in texts

Specific language impairment (SLI)

primary developmental language disorder

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD)

developmental disability that causes secondary language disorders

Primary Language Disorders

language disorders that happen in absence of any other language disorder

Secondary language disorder

language disorders caused by another disorder

Assessment

evaluations of speech, language, cognitive-communication, + swallowing skills by SLP

Evidence-based practice

process of integrating four areas of knowledge

Calculate MLU

total number of morphemes/total number of utterances

Diagnosis

when an area of communication is markedly different from what is observed in the typical population or form what is expected in the individual being assessed

Differential diagnosis

process of systematically differentiating a disorder from other possible disorders

Intervention

Implementation of a plan to improve a person's communication

Remediation

slow the progress or reverse the course of the disorder

Phonemes

Smallest meaningful unit of sound

Phonological impairment

involves patterns of sound errors

Unstressed Syllable Deletion

unstressed syllable in a word is omitted

Consonant Harmony

one consonant in a word takes on features of another consonant

Reduplication

first syllable in a word is repeated

Fronting

back sounds are replaced with front sound

Stopping

fricatives + affricates replaced with stops

Speech variation

differences in speech that arises from dialect or foreign accent

Maximal oppositions

contrast one sound the child has with an unknown sound

Between 18 months

3 years

Between 3

5 years

Core stuttering behavior

observable, uncontrollable disfluencies that a person makes when speaking

Repetitions

when speakers repeat sounds, syllables, words, or phrases

Avoidance behaviors

person who stutters does to avoid the disfluent moment

Predisposing Factors

Make a person susceptible to stuttering

ototoxic

drugs harmful to hearing

axis

x is frequency y is intensity

general assessment processes

\
* **Referral**
* **Screening**  
* **Newborn hearing screenings** 
* **Otoacoustic emissions + evoked auditory potentials**
* **Conventional hearing screenings** 
* **Audiometer, Headphones, + Tone in both ears**
* **Audiological Evaluation**
* **Case history + evaluation**
* **Otoscopic examination** 
* **Audiometry**