Exam 4 Anatomy SDSU MC

Receptors may be classified as 

effectors and muscles

somatic and visceral 

glands and muscles

voluntary

somatic and visceral 

Cardiac muscle, smooth muscle, and glands are regulated by the

somatic nervous system

parasympathetic division

sympathetic division

central nervous system

autonomic nervous system

autonomic nervous system

T or F Glossopharyngeal nerves sense the middle ear pain

True

Which does not belong to the peripheral nervous system

ganglion

cranial nerve

spinal cord

spinal nerve

spinal cord

The anterior root of a spinal nerve (spinal cord in a cross-section) contains

sensory neurons only

motor neurons only

both sensory and motor

sympathetic neurons only

motor neurons only

the nervous system includes all of the _______ tissue in the body

muscle 

skeletal

connective

neural

epithelial

neural

Which of the following organs secrete hormones?

1. pancreas

2. pituitary gland

3. hypothalamus

4. adrenal cortex

5. adrenal medulla

6. thymus

7. ovary 

8. testis

9. thyroid gland

10. pineal gland

a. 1-10

b 1,4,5,6,7,8,9,10

c. 2,4,6,8,10

d. 1,3,5.7.9

1-10

the posterior root of a spinal nerve (spinal cord cross-section) contains

sensory neurons only

motor neurons only

both sensory and motor

sympathetic neurons only

sensory neurons only

the only hormone to target all cells to some degree is

thyroid stimulating hormone

growth hormone

glucagon

luteinizing hormone

growth hormone

the groove that separates the two cerebral hemispheres is called the

lateral fissure

central fissure

longitudinal fissure

transverse fissure

longitudinal fissure

11.Oligodendrocytes ________.

A) remove cell debris, wastes, and pathogens by phagocytosis

B) regulate oxygen, carbon dioxide, nutrient and neurotransmitter levels around neurons

in ganglia

C) maintain the blood-brain barrier and provide structural support

D) provide structural framework and myelinate the central nervous system (CNS) axons

E) line the ventricles of the brain and the central canal of the spinal cord

provide structural framework and myelinate the central nervous system (CNS) axons

The hormone that acts to oppose the effects of calcitonin is

A. Secreted by the thyroid glands.

B. Triiodothyronine

C. Parathyroid hormone

D. Growth hormone

parathyroid hormone

The tough, superficial meningeal layer that adheres to the under-side of the

cranial cavity is the:

A. Arachnoid

B. Subarachnoid

C. Pia mater

D. Dura mater

dura mater

The structure/cell/organ that responds to impulses from peripheral neurons

that synapse upon it

is called a(n):

A. Receptor

B. Motor neuron

C. Sensory neuron

D. Effector

effector

15.the region(s) that make up hindbrain is/are the:

A. Telencephalon

B. Metencephalon

C. Myelencephalon

D. Both “b” and “c”

both b and c

Which the longest cranial nerves that sends branches to the viscera throughout the

ventral body cavities?

A. Oculomotor

B. Vagus

C. Trigeminal

D. Glossopharyngeal

vagus

Myelin is (a) ________.

A) cell body in the peripheral nervous system

B) made of phospholipids

C) special cell that forms scar tissue after injury

D) special area of the brain

E) None of the answers are correct.

made of phospholipids

18.Areas of a myelinated axon that are not covered by myelin are called ________.

A) internodes

B) nodes

C) gray matter

D) white matter

E) All of the answers are correct

nodes

Areas of the nervous system that are dominated by myelinated axons are

referred to as ________.

A) arachnoid mater

B) gray matter

C) dura mater

D) white matter

E) pia matter

white matter

20The afferent division of the nervous system is also known as the ___________

division

A. Motor

B. Cranial

C. Efferent

D. Sensory

sensory

The portion of the nervous system that conducts impulses from the skin,

joints, skeletal muscles, and special senses is the _________ division.

A. Autonomic motor

B. Somatic sensory

C. Somatic motor

D. Visceral sensory

somatic sensory

The glial cell that helps to form cerebrospinal fluid is the

A. Astrocyte

B. Ependymal cell

C. Microglial cell

D. Oligodendrocyte

ependymal cell

23. The afferent division of the nervous system is called ------division

motor 

cranial

efferent

sensory

sensory

Cerebrospinal fluid is producedby _______

astrocytes

oligodendrocytes

epeendymal cells+ choroid plexus

Schwann cells

satelitte cells

c

25.The glial cell that myelinates and insulates axons within the CNS is the

A. Astrocyte

B. . Ependymal cell

C. . Microglial cell

D. Oligodendrocyte

oligodendrocyet

26.the posterior pituitary released Hormones are synthesized (made) in the:

A. Thalamus

B. Anterior pituitary

C. Pars intermedia

D. Hypothalamus

hypothalamus

27.The glial cell that helps to form the blood-brain barrier is the

A. Astrocyte

B. Ependymal cell

C. Microglial cell

D. Oligodendrocyte

astrocyte

The correct tracing of a sensory impulses for olfaction (smell)?

olfactory chemoreceptors —> olfactory tract (synapse) —> olfactory bulb —> parietal lobe 

The receptors responsible for STATIC EQUILIBRIUM is/are housed within the:

A. Semicircular duct

B. Utricle & saccule

C. Semicircular canal

D. Ampulla

utricle and saccule

30.The receptors for static equilibrium are housed within the vestibule of the

inner ear, specifically in the utricle and saccule

Functions of the nervous system include which of the following?

A) seat of higher functions, such as intelligence, memory, learning, and emotions

B) receives sensory input; coordinates sensory input and motor output

C) regulates smooth muscle, cardiac muscle, and glandular activities

D) integrating and processing data

E) All of the answers are correct.

all of the answers are correct

31.The portion of the nervous system that has voluntary control over skeletal

muscles is the _________ division.

A. Autonomic motor

B. Somatic sensory

C. Somatic motor

D.Visceral sensory

somatic motor

The central nervous system (CNS) includes the ________.

A. brain only

B. spinal cord only

C. nerves only

D. brain and spinal cord

brain and spinal cord

What is the function of the cerebral nuclei?

A. main control center for the autonomic nervous system (walking)

B. COntrols large subconscious movements (e.g. wining arms while walking)

C. Contains pyramidal tracts descending from the cortex to the spinal cord

D. Subconscious movement for equilibrium

B. COntrols large subconscious movements (e.g. wining arms while walking)

34.What specific type of photoreceptors are found in the fovea of the eye.

A. Rods only

B. Cones only

C. Rods and cones

D. Spindle fibers

B, cones only

35.The neuron conducting an impulse from the stomach wall to the CNS would be

classified as a(n) ______ neuron.

A . Autonomic motor

B. Somatic sensor

C. Somatic motor

D. Visceral sensory

visceral sensory

the meningeal layer (Dura matter) located within the transverse fissure:

A. Denticulate ligament

B. Tentorium cerebelli

C. Falx cerebri

D. Arachnoid trabeculae

tentorium cerebelli

We called the receptors that detect touch, stretch, and pressure are called

A. Photoreceptors

B. Nociceptors

C. Mechanoreceptors

D. Chemoreceptors

mechanoreceptors

the receptors responsible for Rotation EQUILIBRIUM is/are housed within the:

The receptors for STATIC EQUILIBRIUM is/are housed within the:

A. Semicircular duct

B. Utricle and saccule

C. semicircular canal

D. Ampulla

C. Semicircular canal

the meningeal layer (Dura matter) located within the longitudinal fissure:

A. Denticulate ligament

B. Tentorium cerebelli

C. Falx cerebri

D. Arachnoid trabeculae

C. falx cerebri

the glial cell that defends the body against pathogens is the

A. astrocyte

B. ependymal cell

C. Oligodendrocyte

D. Microglial cell

D. Microglial cell

41.all of the following are belong to the vascular tunic of the eye except

A. Sclera

B. Iris

C. Ciliary body

D. Choroid

A. Sclera

Which of the following is the correct pathway for a reflex arc?

A. Receptorafferent neuroninterneuronefferent neuroneffector

B. Receptorefferent neuroninterneuronafferent neuroneffector

C. Effectorafferent neuroninterneuronefferent neuronreceptor

D. Effectorefferent neuroninterneuronafferent neuronreceptor

A. Receptorafferent neuroninterneuronefferent neuroneffector

A nerve

A. Contains a single axoN

B. Is found only in CNS

C. Carries only sensory information.

D. is a cable like bundle of parallel axons

D. is a cable like bundle of parallel axons

A nerve is covered by a fibrous outer layer called the:

A. Endoneurium

B. Epineurium

C. Perineurium

D. Aneurium

B. Epineurium

the area of the spinal cord tracts ascending and descending are called

A. Anterior horn

B. Posterior horn

C. Gray commissure

D. White matter

D. white matter

The rough, superficial meningeal layer that adheres to cranial cavity is the:

A. Arachnoid

B. Subarachnoid

C. Pia mater

D. Dura mater

D. Dura mater

Which of the following are the type of lingual (tongue) papillae that form a “V”

pattern at the back

of the tongue?

A. fungiform

B. linguiform

C. filiform

D. circumvallate

D. circumvallate

The white appearance of most axons is due to

A. The high lipid content of the myelin shea

B. Their proximity to light-reflecting cartilage

C. The white color of the perivascular feet

D. The covering of ependymal cells

A. The high lipid content of the myelin shea

.A received neural impulse travels from the _____ into the cell body and then

down the _____ .

a. axons; dendrite

b. soma; dendrite

c. dendrites; axon

d. myelin sheath; axo

c. dendrites; axon

50.The autonomic division of the nervous system directs

A. Voluntary activity

B. Conscious control of skeletal muscles

C. Behavior

D. Processes that maintain homeostasis

D. Processes that maintain homeostasis

51.The structure/cell/organ that react to impulses from peripheral neurons that synapse

upon it

is called a(n):

A. Receptor

B. Motor neuron

C. Sensory neuron

D. Effector

D. Effector

52This gland ____ secretes the _____which raises blood calcium levels.

A. Thyroid gland ; calcitonin

B. Pituitary gland ; insulin

C. Parathyroid gland; parathyroid hormone (PTH)

D. Pancreas; glucagon

C. Parathyroid gland; parathyroid hormone (PTH)

Signs of sympathetic stimulation include

A. An increase in cardiovascular and respiratory activity.

B. A decrease in blood pressure.

C. Increase in saliva production.

D. A feeling of lethargy.

A. An increase in cardiovascular and respiratory activity.

54. the nervous system is initially divided into the _____ and _____ nervous

systems.

a. afferent; efferent

b. sympathetic; parasympathetic

c. somatic; autonomic

d. central; peripheral

a. afferent; efferent

Efferent nerves are associated with _____ functions, whereas afferent

nerves are associated with _____ functions.

a. sensory; motor

b. external; internal;

c. motor; sensory

d. internal; external

c. motor; sensory

56.this structure in midbrain is involved in visual reflexes (tracking of our eyes)

and auditory reflexes ("startle reflex" to loud sound)?

A. Cerebral nuclei

B. Pons

C. Cerebral peduncle

D. Corpora quadrigemina

D. Corpora quadrigemina

57The somatic and autonomic nervous systems control _____ and _____

movements, respectively.

a. involuntary; voluntary

b. automatic; reflexive

c. volitional; willful

d. voluntary; involuntary

d. voluntary; involuntary

58this structure connects The pituitary gland to the hypothalamus is called

A. Optic chiasm

B. Supraoptic area

C. Infundibulum.

D. Pineal gland

C. Infundibulum.

59How many pairs of spinal nerves are there?

a. 11

b. 31

c. 51

d. 71

b. 31

60How many pairs of cranial nerves are there?

a. 12

b. 31

c. 51

d. 71

a. 12

61Spinal nerves are considered to be mixed nerves, carrying both sensory and motor

fibers within them

.

a) TRUE b) FALSE

A. true

62.There are ____ pairs of spinal nerves.

A.12

B.24

C.31

D.3

 31

.Which part of a neuron carries impulse away from the cell body?

A. Axon

B. Dendrite

C. Nucleus

D. Neuroglia

A. Axon

64. The anatomical subdivisions of the nervous system are (the) ________.

A) central and peripheral nervous systems

B) dorsal and ventral nervous systems

C) appendicular and axial nervous systems

D) autonomic and somatic nervous systems

E) None of the answers are correct.

A) central and peripheral nervous systems

The visual cortex is located in the ________ lobe.

A. Frontal

B. Temporal

C. Occipital

D. Insular

C. Occipital

a bundle of parallel axons in the CNS is called a

A.Nerve

B.Dendrite

C.Tract

D.Ganglion

Tract

67..Within the perpheral nervous system, the myelin sheath is formed by

A. A.Schwann Cells

B. B.Oligodendrocytes

C. Microglial cells

D. .Astrocytes

A. Schwann Cells