Overview of REBT, CBT, SFBT, and DBT Therapies

REBT

Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy; focuses on rational thinking.

ABC Model

Framework: Activating event, Beliefs, Consequences.

Activating Event (A)

Situation triggering emotional or behavioral reaction.

Beliefs (B)

Thoughts about the activating event; can be rational or irrational.

Consequences (C)

Emotional and behavioral outcomes from beliefs.

Disputation (D)

Challenging irrational beliefs to replace with rational ones.

Cognitive Disputation

Questions irrational thoughts using logical techniques.

Behavioral Disputation

Tests irrational beliefs through real-life experiences.

Emotive Disputation

Uses emotional techniques to reinforce rational beliefs.

Shame-Attacking Exercise

Homework to promote self-acceptance without others' approval.

Unconditional Acceptance

Acceptance of clients as fallible beings for open discussion.

DIBS

Dispute Irrational Beliefs using disputing questions.

Cognitive Distortions

Thought patterns leading to irrational thinking.

Absolutistic Musts

Rigid demands causing cognitive distortions.

Awfulising

Exaggerating negative outcomes beyond reality.

I-can't-stand-it-itis

Belief that one cannot tolerate discomfort.

People-Rating

Judging oneself and others negatively.

Rational Emotive Imagery

Imagining positive emotional responses to challenges.

Humor in Therapy

Using humor to challenge irrational beliefs.

Role-Playing

Practicing scenarios to reinforce rational beliefs.

Ultimate Goals of REBT

Teach rational thinking, appropriate feelings, adaptive behavior.

Active Therapy

REBT involves direct and confrontational techniques.

Cognitive, Emotive, Behavioral Methods

Combined approaches to facilitate client change.

Cognitive Distortions

Irrational thought patterns causing emotional distress.

REBT

Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy focusing on changing beliefs.

ABC Model

Framework for understanding emotional responses in REBT.

Emotional Distress

Negative feelings resulting from cognitive distortions.

Maladaptive Behaviors

Actions that are counterproductive to emotional well-being.

Teaching in REBT

Structured education to identify and challenge irrational beliefs.

Core Beliefs

Deeply held beliefs influencing thoughts, feelings, and actions.

Negative Core Beliefs

Beliefs that undermine self-worth and capability.

Positive Core Beliefs

Beliefs that enhance self-esteem and confidence.

Intermediate Beliefs

Attitudes and rules derived from core beliefs.

Automatic Thoughts

Spontaneous thoughts triggered by specific situations.

Schemas

Frameworks formed by core beliefs influencing automatic thoughts.

Coping Strategies

Developed methods to avoid negative core beliefs.

Diathesis Stress Model

Model explaining mental disorders through predisposition and stress.

Socratic Dialogue

Technique for exploring thoughts and beliefs through questioning.

Awfulising

Cognitive distortion exaggerating negative outcomes.

Change Process in REBT

Steps to facilitate cognitive and emotional transformation.

Reinforce Change

Strengthening new beliefs and behaviors post-therapy.

Beck's View of Human Nature

Humans can control thoughts but may distort them.

Automatic Images

Mental visuals arising spontaneously in response to triggers.

Critical Thinking

Encouraging rational thought and self-reflection.

Homework Importance

Reinforces skills and promotes independent improvement.

Thought-Stopping

Replacing negative thoughts with positive alternatives.

Reframing

Changing perception to find a balanced perspective.

Diathesis-Stress Model

Explains mental disorders via vulnerabilities and stressors.

Solution Focused Therapy

Focuses on client strengths and future goals.

Preferred Goal Questions

Inquire about client's desired future outcomes.

Evaluative Questions

Assess effectiveness of client's current actions.

Exception-Seeking Questions

Identify instances when problems did not occur.

Coping Questions

Explore past coping strategies of the client.

Solution-Oriented Questions

Visualize life without the current problem.

Amplification

Encouraging discussion of client's successful solutions.

Customers

Clients ready to define outcomes and solve problems.

Complainants

Clients agree on issues but struggle with solutions.

Visitors

Clients exploring therapy without commitment.

Client as Expert

Clients recognized as experts in their own lives.

Not Knowing Posture

Therapist encourages exploration by withholding answers.

Therapeutic Alliance

Constructed through rapport, empowerment, and goal co-construction.

Irreverent Communication

Provocative and direct communication in therapy.

Wise Mind

Balanced state between logic and emotion.

DBT Stages

Four stages focusing on safety and emotional stability.

Stage I

Prioritizes safety and stabilization of the client.

Stage II

Addresses behaviors causing misery from past trauma.

Stage III

Focuses on everyday living and contentment.

Stage IV

Focus on deeper meaning and spiritual fulfillment.

Third Wave of Behavior Therapy

Integrates behavior, biology, and environmental context.

DBT

Dialectical Behavior Therapy emphasizing mindfulness and acceptance.

Emotional Vulnerability

Constitutional factors leading to heightened emotional sensitivity.

Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD)

Characterized by unstable relationships and emotional instability.

Diagnostic Criteria for BPD

Five or more symptoms required for diagnosis.

Frantic Efforts to Avoid Abandonment

Intense fear of being abandoned by others.

Identity Disturbance

Unstable self-image or sense of self.

Impulsivity

Engaging in risky behaviors without forethought.

Suicidal Behaviors

Thoughts or actions related to self-harm or suicide.

Emotional Instability

Rapid mood swings and emotional responses.

Chronic Feelings of Emptiness

Persistent sense of void or lack of fulfillment.

Inappropriate Anger

Intense anger disproportionate to the situation.

Stress-Related Paranoid Ideation

Paranoia triggered by stress or anxiety.

Dialectical Concept

Balancing acceptance and change in therapy.

Unconditional Positive Regard

Accepting clients without judgment or conditions.

Seven Basic Assumptions of DBT

Core beliefs guiding the practice of DBT.

People are Doing Their Best

Individuals act to the best of their ability.

Motivation to Change

Desire for improvement drives therapeutic progress.

Responsibility for Problems

Individuals must solve their own issues.

Behavioral Generalization

New behaviors must apply across various contexts.

Causal Nature of Behaviors

All behaviors have underlying causes.

Chain Analysis

Technique identifying triggers and consequences of behaviors.

Challenging Communication

Techniques to provoke thought and perspective shifts.

Irreverent Communication

Direct and confrontational communication style.

Devil's Advocate

Presenting opposing viewpoints to stimulate discussion.

Problem Behavior

Behavior identified as problematic in therapy.

Diary Card

Tool for tracking problem behaviors over time.

Prompting Event

Trigger that initiates problem behavior.

Chain of Events

Sequence linking prompting event to problem behavior.

Consequences

Outcomes resulting from problem behavior, positive or negative.

Vulnerability Reduction

Strategies to lessen susceptibility to problem behavior.

Event Prevention

Methods to stop prompting events from recurring.