Exam 3 Key

Which of the following macromolecules contain sulfur

Protein

An organism that grows in the presence and absence of oxygen and uses oxygen when its available is called a/an

Facultative Anaerobe

Temperature can control bacteria because

A hop temperature (above 80C) will denature bacterial protein

An organism that grows best at a pH of 5 is called

Acidophile

In relation to bacterium’s optimal growth requirements, which group would you expect to be most likely involved in human infections?

Mesophile

An microorganism that has an optimal temperature below 15C is classified as a:

Psychrophile

An obligate halophile requires high…

salt

An organic nutrient nutrient essential to an organism’s metabolism cannot be synthesized itself is termed a

growth factor

The term heterotroph refers to ab organism that

must obtain organic compounds for its carbon needs

Archaea as a group are not pathogens . This is because…

mammalian host do not meet the environmental requirements

The E.coli that normally live in human large inosines and provide vitamin k hat the body uses would be best termed a relationship

mutualistic (both benefit )

In the viable plate count method, a measured sample of a culture is evenly spread across an agar surface and incubated Each ___ on the agar surface represents one ____ from the sample

colony, cell

Bacteria divide by the process of

Binary Fission

Which of the following does not contribute to the initiation of the stationary phase of bacteria growth

generation time of the dividing organism

Which of the following is FALSE

In the lag phase, cell death exceeds the multiplication

Which procedure involves preserving the bacterial culture by freeze drying?

Lyophilization

An unknown culture is assayed via the serial dilution method. After dilution of cells and incubation, no colonies are observed. Which is not a possible explanation

None of the above

Which of the following methods allows direct determination of the specific number of viable cells in a specimen

serial dilution method

The turbidity of a culture is usually measured by

Spectrophotometric Analysis

Which of the flowing does not characterize the serial dilution method?

fast- completed in minuets

If you have solution with a larger number of bacteria per millimeter and do not want to make dilutions, which form of cell counting would be most appropriate

Direct microscope count

Which of the following is not a direct bacterial count method

SPECTROPHOTOMETER COUNT

Physical agents for controlling microbial growth include all the following EXCEPT

Hydrogen peroxide

Which of the following microbial forms have the highest resistance to physical and chemical controls

bacterial endospores

The process that destroys or removes all microorganisms and microbial forms including bacterial endospores is

sterilization

The use of physical or chemical process t destroy vegetative pathogens is

disinfectiom

The use of chemical agents directly on exposed body surfaces to pathogens is

antisepsis

Scrubbing or immersing the skin and chemicals to reduce the number of microbes on the skin is

Degermination

The primary action of _____ heat is to ___

Moist, denature proteins

High Temperatures____ and low temperatures____

Kills cells, inhibit cell growth

The easiest microbial forms to kill or inhibit are:

Pseudomonas species

Which of the following factors does not influence the action of antimicrobial agents

None of the above

When an antimicrobial agent permanently denature proteins, thus preventing denaturation to their renature states, it is called

Bactericidal

Chemical agents that denature proteins include all of the following except

Detergent

Lysol belongs to the group of

Phenolic

All of the following act as surfactant, except

Chlorine dioxide

Percentage of alcohol that works best as a disinfectant

75%

Antibiotics are derived from all of the following except

Staphylococcus

Broad-spectrum drugs that disrupt the bodies normal flora often cause

Superinfections

Which of the following antibiotics inhibits cell wall synthesis?

Cephalosporin

Tetracycline is effective against which of the following

All of the above

Which of these antimicrobial agents has the fewest side effects to us?

Cephalosporin

Which of the following shows the broad spectrum of action?

Tetracycline

All of the following work in the same way

streptomycin

Penicillin and cephalosporin

Block the peptides that cross link, glycan molecules, inhibiting, peptidoglycan layer synthesis

Most of the antiviral drugs

Are nucleotide analogs

Which of the following affects do antiviral drugs not have

Killing extracellular viruses

Which of the following modes of action would be most selectively toxic

Preventing cell wall synthesis

Which of the following antimicrobials is contraindicated for children due to permanent tooth discoloration

Tetracycline

The drug used against intestinal, anaerobic bacteria that can also alter normal flora, causing antibiotic associated colitis is

Clindamycin

Which of the following drugs is used to treat cases of tuberculosis

Isoniazid

Which Antidromic does not interfere with protein synthesis

Sulfonamide

Aminoglycosides

Disrupt protein synthesis

Which is the best guide for selecting an effective antibiotic?

Results of antimicrobial susceptibility testing

The drug that can cause a plastic anemia and is used to treat typhoid Fever and brain abscesses is

Chloramphenicol

All of the following are correct about Tamiflu except

It prevents assembly and release of the virus

Remdesivir

It inhibits the synthesis of nucleic acids

A clinical microbiologist makes serial dilution of several anti-micro in broth and then incubate each drug dilution series with a standard amount of a patient’s isolated pathogen. What is the microbiologist setting up?

E-test

A super infection results from

Decrease in most normal flora with overgrowth of an unaffected species

The cellular basis of bacterial resistance to anti-microbes include

All of these choices are correct

There are fever, antifungal, anti-protozoan and antihelminths drugs compared to antibacterial drugs because these organisms

Are so similar to human cells that selective drug toxicity is difficult to achieve

Acyelovir is used to treat

Shingles, chickenpox, and genital herpes

An antiviral that is a guanine Analogic would have an antiviral motive action that

Blocks DNA replication

How does penicillin kill bacteria?

Penicillin targets across linking reaction in a cell wall manufacture by blocking the enzyme, responsible penicillin stops the bacteria from producing new peptidoglycan

What do you think the difference is between decontamination and sterilization?

Sterilization is a type of decontamination, but not all decontamination techniques result in true sterilization

According to the theory, why do you think clindamycin and metronidazole produce a different effect to penicillin

Metronidazole targets, the DNA of microbial cells and clindamycin targets, the ribosome, neither of which create a lytic effect like penicillin

True or false: the degree of turbidity in both culture correlates to the amount of cell growth

True

True or false: ultra pasteurized can kill the spores

True

You have pasteurized milk how many bacteria (CFU/ML) do you expect to be present in The half cup of milk (1 00ML)?

Couldn’t find the answer yet

Fill in the blank: CO2 concentration in the air is___ %

.04%

Fill in the blank: VRSA stands for

Vancomycin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus

Fill in the blank: refrigerator temperature in Celsius degrees is

I haven’t gotten an answer yet

Fill in the blank: name the direct contact method that can be used to determine the bacterial counts in the swimming pool

Direct microscope count

Fill in the blank: name the indirect account method that can determine the bacterial count in the swimming pool

Most probable number (MPN)

Fill in the blank; the process to destroy sport producing bacteria by boiling several hours over several days is called

Not sure of the answer yet

tyndallization(Internet)

The organism (genus) known to produce Zithromax and erythromycin

Saccharopolyspora