Magnetism Review AP Physics 2

poles

two ends of an object where the magnetic effect is the strongest e.g..north pole & south pole

ferromagnetic

showing strong magnetic effects, can be permanently magnetized

magnetic field

a force field that fills the space around every magnet or current-carrying wire; (B)

tesla

(T) unit of a magnetic field (B), 1T=1N/Am

electricity&magnetism

an electric current produces a magnetic field and vice versa

right hand rule1

grasp the wire with your right hand so that your thumb points in the direction of the conventional current, and your finger will encircle the wire in the direction of the magnetic field

Force on an electric current in a magnetic field

F = BIlsinθ

direction of the current is perpendicular to the field θ=90

Fmax=BIl

Force on an electric charge moving in a magnetic field

F = q v B sinθ

right hand rule2

outstretch your fingers point along the velocity of the particle then encircle to the direction of the electric field, thumb direction is the direction of the force exerted on the positive charge(negative the opposite)

magnetic field due to current in straight line

b=μ0I/2πr

permeability of free space

μ0=4πx 10^-7 T m/A

electromagnet

iron inside a solenoid, the magnetic field increases greatly because iron is a magnet

magnetic dipole moment

M=NIA

galvanometer

coil of wire suspended in the magnetic field of a permanent magnet, when current flows the magnetic field exerts a torque on the loop

magnetic force

acts on charged particle moving through a field, direction of force is given by a RHR

Ampere's Law

relates the current in any shape wire and the magnetic field it produces

induced current

changing in magnetic field can produce an electric current

Electromagnetic Induction

the process of creating a current in a circuit by changing a magnetic field

magnetic flux

Flux=BAcosθ

unit of magnetic flux

Weber (W) 1Wb=1Tm^2

Faraday's law of induction

The emf induced in a circuit is equal to the rate of change of magnetic flux thought the circuit (E=- (△mag flux)/△ t)

N loops (E=- N(△mag flux)/△ t)

Lenz's Law

A current produced by an induced emf moves in a direction so that the magnetic field created by that current opposes the original change in flux

emf induced in a moving conductor

emf=(△mag flux)/△ t=Blv

changing magnetic flux produces an electric field

E=vB

electric generator

Transforms mechanical energy into electric energy