Basic Life Saving Steps Practice Flashcards

Comprehensive vocabulary flashcards covering basic life saving procedures, wound types, first aid, shock, fractures, snake bites, heat injuries, and manual/litter transportation techniques.

Basic Life Saving Steps

The three primary steps to take in an emergency: 1) Check for breathing, 2) Check for bleeding, and 3) Check for shock.

Wound

A break in the continuity of the skin.

Puncture Wound

A wound usually caused by a sharp pointed object.

Incise wound

A clean cut caused by a sharp bladed object.

Lacerated Wound

A wound caused by any hard or blunt object.

Abrasion

A wound resulting from scraping rough surfaces.

Avulsion

A kind of wound involving a forceable separation or tearing of tissue from the victim's body.

Elevation

A first aid measure involving raising the injured part above the heart level.

Direct Pressure

Pressing a sterile dressing firmly over the bleeding part.

Digital Pressure

Finger pressure applied directly over the bleeding part.

Tourniquet

A constricting band placed around the arm or leg to control bleeding.

Tourniquet Placement

Placed around the limb between the wound and the heart, specifically $2-4$ inches above the injury site.

"T"

The mark placed on a casualty's head to indicate a tourniquet has been applied, preferably using the victim's blood.

Clamping

A method of controlling bleeding done by the use of forceps.

Fluid Replacement

The process of giving IV fluids such as whole blood, dextrose, or plasma volume expander.

Dressing

A sterile pad or compressed sponge applied directly to cover a wound to control bleeding, prevent infection, and absorb fluid.

Shock

A state or condition when there is not enough or adequate blood supplies to the vital tissues and organs.

Signs of Shock

Symptoms include sweaty but cool skin, paleness, restlessness, thirstiness, faster than normal breath, dilated pupils, rapid pulse, and nausea.

Fracture

A break in the continuity of the bone; classified as either close or open.

Venom

A poison secreted by some animals that is injected into the body or victim through bites.

Poisonous Snakes

Snakes characterized by flat and almost triangular heads, poison sacks, slit-like pupils, sensory pits, fangs, thick bodies, and color markings.

Non-poisonous Snakes

Snakes characterized by oval-shaped heads, no sensory pits, rounded pupils, and no fang marks on the bite site.

Snake Bite First Aid (Bands)

If on a limb, place a constricting band about $1-2$ finger widths above and below the bite.

Heat Cramps

Environmental injuries caused by not having enough available salt in the body.

Heat Exhaustion

Injuries caused by loss of water through sweating without adequate fluid replacement.

Heat Stroke

A medical emergency caused by the failure of the body's cooling mechanism, characterized by hot, dry, flushed skin and rapid but weak pulse.

Transportation

The means of moving a casualty from the point of injury to a medical facility for definitive care.

Litter

A device capable of being carried by $2$, $4$, or $6$ persons for transporting a sick, injured, or dead person.

Fireman's carry

The easiest way for one person to carry another.

Support carry

A carry where the casualty remains able to walk or hop on one leg using the bearer as a crutch.

Arms carry

A carry useful for moving a casualty a short distance.

Saddle back Carry

A one-man carry used for a conscious casualty over a short distance.

Pack Strap Carry

A carry where the casualty's weight rests high on the bearer's back, making it easier to travel moderate distances.

Pistol Belt carry

The best one-man carry for a long distance.

Pistol Belt Drag

Used for short distances and especially useful in combat.

Neck Drag

A carry that allows the bearer to transport the casualty while creeping behind low walls or through culverts.

Cradle Drop Drag

An effective method for moving a casualty up or down steps.

Two-man Support Carry

A carry that can be used for both conscious and unconscious casualties.

Two-man Arms Carry

A carry useful for transporting a casualty for a moderate distance.

Two-man Fore - And - Aft Carry

A carry useful for transporting a casualty for a long distance.

Two Hand Seat Carry

A two-man carry useful for short distances.

Four Hand Seat Carry

A carry especially useful for transporting a casualty with head or foot injuries for a moderate distance.