Chemical Reactions and Moles

Synthesis

Occurs when elements or simple compounds bond together to form more complex molecules

Decomposition

Occurs when a complex compound breaks down into simpler compounds or elements

Single Replacement

Occurs between a compound and an element, only occurs if the element is more reactive than its counterpart

Cationic Single Replacement

A metal replaces a less reactive metal that is part of an ionic compound

Anionic Single Replacement

A non-metal replaces a less reactive non-metal that is part of a compound

Double Replacement

Occurs between two ionic compounds. Cations and anions recombine to create two new ionic compounds

Complete Combustion

Occurs in the presence of excess oxygen. The products of this are carbon dioxide and water. (CO2 + 2H2O)

Incomplete Combustion

Occurs in the presence of limited amounts of oxygen. The products of incomplete combustion are always carbon monoxide and water.

Particles and Moles

# mol x (6.02 × 10²³/ 1 mol) =

Mass and Moles

# of mols x (atomic mass / 1 mol) =

Volume and Moles

# of mols x (22.4L / 1 mol) =

Limiting Reactant

The reactant that runs out and stops the reaction, limiting the amount of product

Excess Reactant

Leftover reactant