Test $ Review Reporodutive System

ovary

Name the female gonad

testes

name the male gonad

46

how many pairs of chromosomes does a somatic body have?

chromosomes that code for the same traits

what are homolongous chromosomes

is a skin cell diploid or haplous

spermatocytes

name the male cell that undergo meiosis

primary oocytes

name the female cell that undergo meiosis

haploid

is secondary spermatoycte haploid or diploid

diploid

is spermatogonium haploid or diplod

4

how many spermatids are made from one primary spermatocyte

1

how many eggs are made from one primary oocyte

In Metaphase I of meiosis, pairs of matching chromosomes (called homologous chromosomes) line up in the middle of the cell. In Metaphase II, individual chromosomes line up in a single file line, just like during regular cell division (mitosis). [1, 2, 3, 4]

how is metaphase I mof meopsos dofferent from metaphase III of meiosis

spermatids mature to sperm

what happens during spermiogenesis?

metaphase II

in which stage of meiosis is the female egg when it is ovulated

ovarian ligament

ovary held in place by _______- to uterus

suspensory ligament

ovary held in place by _______ with blood vessels to lateral wall

broad ligament

ovary held in place by _______- fold of peritoneum

round ligament

ovary held in place by _______- by uterus anteflexed

primordial follicle

contains a primary oocyte surrounded by follicular cells that simple squamous

primary follicule

contains a primary oocyte surrounded by one or more layers of cubodial and columnar cells

secondary follicle

contains a primary oocyte but now contains a fluid-filled space

FSH

which hormone causes the follicles to develop?

thyroid hormone

which hormone is made byt the follicular cells?

crucial somatic cells in the ovary that directly surround the developing oocyte

what are granulosa cells?

a mature follicle containing a secondary ooctye that arrits in the metapahase II

what is a tertiary (graafian) follicule

the innermost layer of follicular cells (granulosa cells) that directly surrounds and protects a mature oocyte (egg).

what is the corona radiata?

white fluid filled space in the secondary follicles

what is an atrum?

Graafian follicle

which struct makes more estrogen, a primary follicule or Graafian foocile?

fetal development

When does the process of oogenesis begin in the female

LH

which hormone causes ovulation in the female

progesterone

which hormone does the corpus luteum primarialy secrete

a vital yet temporary organ that plays a crucial role in fertility

what is a corpus luteum

mass of dense connective tissue that forms on the ovary

what is a corpus albicans?

ampulla

where in the tube does fertiliazation normally occur

mucosa- simple columnar

cilia

muscualaris-inner circular and longitundial

what ype of epithelium does the fallopian tube have?

via a combination of gentle muscular contractions (peristalsis) in the tube walls and the sweeping motion of cilia

how does the egg travel through the fallopian tube?

zygote

a fertilized egg is called a

1. perimetrium

2. myometrium

3. Endometrium

name the 3 layers of the uterine wall

1. stratum functionalis

2. stratum basalis

Name the 2 layers of the endometrium of the uterus

stratum functionalis

which layer of endometrium is discharged during menstruation

stimulates the growth and thickening of the uterine lining (endometrium) by promoting cell division in glands and blood vessels

what effect does estrogen have on the endometrium

transforms the uterine lining (endometrium) from a state of rapid growth (proliferation) into a mature, glandular, and receptive state designed to support embryo implantation

what effect does progesterone have om the endometrium

stimulates the corpus luteum to continue making progesterone

what is the purpose of hCG?

• Fimbriae:

These are tiny, finger-like fringes at the very end of the tube. They brush over the ovary and sweep the egg inside when it is released. [1, 2, 3]

• Infundibulum:

This is the wide, funnel-shaped opening right next to the ovary. The fimbriae are attached to the edge of the infundibulum. Its job is to catch the egg and funnel it into the tube.

• Ampulla:

• This is the widest and longest middle section of the fallopian tube. It is like a spacious hallway where the egg and sperm usually meet. Fertilization happens here most of the time. [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]

• Isthmus:

This is the narrow, thick-walled section that connects the ampulla to the uterus. Think of it as a narrow hallway that gently guides the fertilized egg to its final home in the uterus. [1, 2]

endometrium is being rebuilt.

what is happening during the proliferative phase in the uterus?

endometrium is engorged with blood and nutrients i

what is happening during the secondary phase in the uterus?

estrogen

which hormone is primarily responsible for the proliferative phase occurring

day 15-28

when in the uterine cycel is the secretrory phase occuring

Menstruation occurs during Day 1 to Day 5 of your cycle

when in the uterine cycle is menstruation occuring

Follicle-Stimulating Hormone (FSH) and Luteinizing Hormone (LH) (produced by the pituitary gland), and Estrogen and Progesterone (produced by the ovaries)

which hormones are responsible for menstruation

the continuous dose of hormones keeps the uterine lining thin and prevents the ovaries from releasing an egg

why doesn’t a female with a progesterone patch menstruate

oxytocin

which hormone has the myometrium as its target tissue

anteflexed

what is the normal position of the female uterus

The fundus

is the top, curved part where the fallopian tubes connect.

The body

is the large, central area where a baby grows.

The cervix

is the narrow, lower neck that opens into the vagina.

which part of the brain is in control of the female menstrual cycle

fornix

recessed area around the cervix

hymen

opening to the vagina covered by a falp of tissue that tears during physical activty, tampon use, or intercourse

non carontinzed stratified squamous, elastic cartiliage

epirhelium of the vagina

acidic ph (glycogen storage)

What is the normal pH of the vagina why?