MOD 8 UNIT 2B

Bandwidth

The maximum rate of data transfer across a network in a given amount of time.

Must be managed properly to prevent delay/loss of voice, data, or message traffic between users and their distant end

Conventional Bandwidth Allocation

A fixed amount of bandwidth that is common to all users, which is the most predictable but least efficient.

Demand Assigned Bandwidth Allocation

Bandwidth based on individual needs of users, managed efficiently without dedicating channels to specific users.

Allocated on AS NEEDED basis

When user disconnects bandwidth is freed up

Internet is example

Dynamic Bandwidth Allocation

Occurs when combined data rates exceed total network bandwidth, causing issues only when all users transmit simultaneously.

Time Of Day Restriction

A method to allocate bandwidth priority based on specific times of day.

Network Infrastructure

The composition of protocols, media, and physical components that enable user data communication.

Formed when TWO users communicate with each other when exchanging data across form of transmission line or media

EIA Standards

Protocols developed by the Electronics Industries Association that govern computer communications across networks.

Determines how computers commuinciate with each other across network

Modems maintain integrity of transmitted data converting Digital to Analog

EIA-232C

The oldest standard for serial communication between modems and terminals, developed in 1962.

Military Equivalent is 188C

Data Terminal Equipment (DTE)

Devices (like computers) that serve as sources and destinations of data in a network.

Exist at end of data chain

Data Communication Equipment (DCE)

Modems that connect DTE devices and facilitate the transfer of data.

Establishes, maintains, terminates a data transfer

EIA-530

A standard developed to address disadvantages of EIA-449, defined by a 25 pin D type connector.

Twisted Pair

A balanced transmission medium consisting of two conductors twisted together to improve compatibility and reduce noise.

Coaxial Cable

An unbalanced transmission medium with an inner conductor, insulated shielding, and grounded mesh shielding.

Can transmit all types of signals at once

Can support baseband and broadband network

Baseband is one signal at a time

Broadband modulates different frequencies to transmit multiple signals

Most popular type of cabling in RF field

Balanced Transmission

Transmits identical signals on two separate wires, 180 degrees out of phase.

used by twisted pair

Unbalanced Transmission

Transmits signals on one wire while the other serves as ground; used in coaxial cables.

Carries signals on just one input/output

Known as SINGLE ENDED TRANSMISSION

Fiber Optics

A method of data transmission using light, offering high speeds and noise-free data over distances.

Wireless Communication

Data transmission that occurs without wires, which can be directional or omnidirectional.

Digital Service Unit (DSU)

Device that manages the interface with DTE, operates with or alongside Channel Service Unit (CSU).

Channel Service Unit (CSU)

Device responsible for connecting to the telecommunications network, works in conjunction with DSU.

Digital Network Hierarchy

A logical sequence for building transmission rates in a network, developed by Bell System Laboratories.