Class 12 Physics Derivations Shobhit Nirwan

Motional EMF

The induced electromotive force that occurs due to the change in magnetic flux in a conducting loop.

Lens Maker's Formula

An equation that relates the focal length of a lens to the indices of refraction of the lens material and the surrounding medium.

Coulomb's Law

A law that describes the force between two charged objects; represented in vector form as F = k(q₁q₂/r²) where k is Coulomb's constant.

Electric Dipole

A pair of equal and opposite charges separated by a distance.

Electric Field

A region around a charged object where a force would be exerted on other charged objects.

Gauss's Law

A law that relates the electric flux through a closed surface to the charge enclosed by that surface.

Capacitance

The ability of a system to store charge per unit potential difference.

Drift Velocity

The average velocity that a particle, such as an electron, attains due to an electric field.

Induced EMF

The voltage generated in a conductor when it is subjected to a changing magnetic field.

Ampere's Circuital Law

A law that states the line integral of the magnetic field around a closed loop is equal to µ₀ times the total current passing through the loop.

Ray Optics

The branch of optics that describes light propagation in terms of rays.

Interference Fringes

Patterns of bright and dark bands created when light waves overlap and interfere.

De-Broglie Equation

An equation that relates the wavelength of a particle to its momentum, given by λ = h/p.

Bohr's Theory

A model for the hydrogen atom that describes the electron orbits and energy levels in quantized states.

Electromagnetic Induction

The process by which a changing magnetic field creates an electric current in a conductor.

Energy Density

The amount of energy stored per unit volume in an electric or magnetic field.

Torque on a Dipole

A measure of the rotational force experienced by an electric dipole in an external electric field.

Self-Inductance

The property of a coil or solenoid to induce an EMF in itself due to change in current.

Mutual Inductance

The ability of one coil to induce an electromotive force in another coil.

Dark Fringe Width

The distance between consecutive minima in an interference pattern.

Resonating Frequency

The frequency at which the inductive reactance equals the capacitive reactance in an LCR circuit.