Periodic Table Basics

Hydrogen

H

Helium

He

Lithium

Li

Beryllium

Be

Boron

B

Carbon

C

Nitrogen

N

Oxygen

O

Fluorine

F

Neon

Ne

Sodium

Na

Magnesium

Mg

Aluminum

Al

Silicon

Si

Phosphorus

P

Sulfur

S

Chlorine

Cl

Argon

Ar

Potassium

K

Calcium

Ca

Scandium

Sc

Titanium

Ti

Vanadium

V

Chromium

Cr

Manganese

Mn

Electron shell 1 holds

2 electrons

Electron shell 2 holds

8 electrons

Electron shell 3 holds

18 electrons

Electron shell 4 holds

32 electrons

Protons are located in the

nucleus

Neutrons are located in the

nucleus

Electrons are located in

shells/orbitals around the nucleus

Protons have a

positive charge (+)

Neutrons have

no charge (neutral)

Electrons have a

negative charge (–)

Number of protons equals the

atomic number

Number of electrons equals the

number of protons (in a neutral atom)

Number of neutrons equals

mass number – atomic number

Iron

Fe

Gold

Au

Lead

Pb

Copper

Cu