PHILIPPINE HIV AND AIDS

Which law is known as the Philippine AIDS Prevention and Control Act of 1998?

A. RA 9165

B. RA 10175

C. RA 8504

D. RA 8423

C. RA 8504

Which law is known as the Philippine HIV and AIDS Policy Act?

A. RA 8504

B. RA 11166

C. RA 11332

D. RA 10912

B. RA 11166

How many days does the HIV proficiency training typically last?

A. 5 days

B. 7 days

C. 10 days

D. 14 days

B. 7 days

What does the rHIVda test refer to in the context of DOH confirmatory testing?

A. Rapid HIV Detection Assay

B. Routine HIV Diagnostic Algorithm

C. Reverse HIV Detection Algorithm

D. Rapid HIV Diagnostic Algorithm

D. Rapid HIV Diagnostic Algorithm

Who is authorized to perform the rHIVda confirmatory test in the Philippines?

A. Any medical technologist

B. A doctor specializing in infectious diseases

C. An HIV-proficient medical technologist

D. A registered nurse

C. An HIV-proficient medical technologist

What is the testing process in the rHIVda confirmatory testing in the Philippines?

A. One screening test followed by two confirmatory tests

B. Three different screening tests

C. Two different screening tests (immunoassay or ELISA) followed by one confirmatory test

D. One screening test followed by one confirmatory test

C. Two different screening tests (immunoassay or ELISA) followed by one confirmatory test

In the rHIVda confirmatory testing, how many tests are performed and what is the principle behind each?

A. Two tests with two different principles

B. Three tests with three different principles

C. Four tests with four different principles

D. One test with three different principles

B. Three tests with three different principles

If a T0 test result is reactive and the rHIVda T1 result is non-reactive, what should be done next?

A. Confirm the result with a third test immediately

B. Perform a follow-up test after 2-6 weeks

C. Start treatment based on the T0 result

D. Disregard the T1 result and consider the initial T0 result as final

B. Perform a follow-up test after 2-6 weeks

If the rHIVda T1 test is reactive, and the rHIVda T2 test result is non-reactive, what should be done next?

A. Record the result as positive and initiate treatment

B. Record the result as inconclusive and repeat the rHIVda test after 2-6 weeks, and send samples to SLH-NRL-SACCL

C. Record the result as positive and repeat the rHIVda test after 2-6 weeks, and send samples to SLH-NRL-SACCL

D. Immediately perform a different confirmatory test

B. Record the result as inconclusive and repeat the rHIVda test after 2-6 weeks, and send samples to SLH-NRL-SACCL

If the rHIVda T3 test result is reactive, what should be done?

A. Repeat the T3 test after 2-6 weeks

B. Record the result as inconclusive and send samples for further testing

C. Release the result as HIV positive

D. Disregard the T3 result and rely on the previous tests

C. Release the result as HIV positive

According to WHO recommendations, what is the current algorithm for HIV testing?

A. Use of a single RDT followed by Western Blot as a supplemental confirmatory test

B. Combination of RDTs followed by Western Blot as a supplemental confirmatory test

C. Use of ELISA followed by PCR as a supplemental confirmatory test

D. Combination of PCR tests with immediate treatment initiation

B. Combination of RDTs followed by Western Blot as a supplemental confirmatory test

According to the current algorithm, if three different serological assays are used, what is the recommended testing approach?

A. Use of 2 Immunoassays (IA) or a combination of IA and a Rapid Diagnostic Test (RDT), followed by Western Blot

B. Use of 3 Rapid Diagnostic Tests (RDTs) followed by ELISA

C. Use of 3 different Immunoassays (IA) followed by PCR

D. Use of a single Immunoassay (IA) followed by a Rapid Diagnostic Test (RDT)

A. Use of 2 Immunoassays (IA) or a combination of IA and a Rapid Diagnostic Test (RDT), followed by Western Blot

What is the correct sequence of steps in the HIV testing process according to clients' rights?

A. Informed consent, HIV test, pre-test counseling, post-test counseling, ongoing counseling

B. Pre-test counseling, informed consent, HIV test, post-test counseling, ongoing counseling

C. HIV test, pre-test counseling, informed consent, ongoing counseling, post-test counseling

D. Pre-test counseling, HIV test, informed consent, ongoing counseling, post-test counseling

B. Pre-test counseling, informed consent, HIV test, post-test counseling, ongoing counseling

When dealing with HIV test results, what is the primary action to take before the counseling session?

A. Immediately inform the client of their result

B. Conduct a follow-up test for all results

C. Cross-check all results prior to the counseling session

D. Record the results and proceed with treatment

C. Cross-check all results prior to the counseling session

During a post-test counseling for a client with a positive HIV test result, what should be discussed?

A. Only the next steps in the testing process

B. The potential outcomes of the test

C. Care and support services available

D. Immediate initiation of treatment

C. Care and support services available

During post-test counseling for a client with a negative HIV test result, what should be emphasized?

A. Immediate initiation of preventive treatment

B. Reinforcement of behavior change communication and addressing other issues

C. The need for frequent testing

D. Immediate reporting to health authorities

B. Reinforcement of behavior change communication and addressing other issues

During post-test counseling for a client with an inconclusive HIV test result, what should be the next steps?

A. Inform the client that no further action is needed

B. Repeat the test and refer the client to a consultant

C. Immediately initiate HIV treatment

D. Provide a general health assessment without additional testing

B. Repeat the test and refer the client to a consultant

Which of the following is a product of the HIV-1 env gene?

A. gp160, gp120, gp41

B. gp150, gp100, gp36

C. gp180, gp110, gp34

D. gp140, gp80, gp55

A. gp160, gp120, gp41

What is the precursor protein for gp120 and gp41 in HIV-1?

A. gp140

B. gp160

C. gp180

D. gp100

B. gp160

Which of the following is the external glycoprotein of HIV-1?

A. gp120

B. gp121

C. gp41

D. gp80

A. gp120

Which of the following is the transmembrane protein in HIV-1?

A. gp120

B. gp160

C. gp41

D. gp80

C. gp41

Which of the following proteins are products of the HIV-1 pol gene?

A. p66, p51, p31

B. p55, p32, p25

C. p41, p24, p18

D. p72, p64, p45

A. p66, p51, p31

Which proteins are associated with the reverse transcriptase enzyme in HIV-1?

A. p66 and p51

B. p41 and p24

C. p31 and p18

D. p72 and p45

A. p66 and p51

Which protein associated with HIV-1 has endonuclease activity?

A. p66

B. p51

C. p31

D. p24

C. p31

Which of the following proteins are products of the HIV-1 gag gene?

A. p55, p24, p17

B. p66, p51, p31

C. p41, p120, p160

D. p72, p45, p80

A. p55, p24, p17

Which protein is the precursor for the HIV-1 gag proteins?

A. p66

B. p55

C. p31

D. p24

B. p55

In HIV-1, which proteins are associated with the core and matrix components respectively?

A. Core: p17, Matrix: p24

B. Core: p24, Matrix: p17

C. Core: p66, Matrix: p51

D. Core: p31, Matrix: p55

B. Core: p24, Matrix: p17

Which protein is the precursor for the nucleocapsid in HIV-1?

A. p66

B. p55

C. p31

D. p15

D. p15

In an HIV Western Blot test, how is a positive result indicated?

A. Presence of 1 out of 3 bands

B. Presence of 2 out of 3 bands

C. Presence of 3 out of 3 bands

D. Absence of bands

B. Presence of 2 out of 3 bands

In an HIV Western Blot test, how is an indeterminate result indicated?

A. Presence of 1 out of 3 bands

B. Presence of 2 out of 3 bands

C. Presence of 3 out of 3 bands

D. Absence of bands

A. Presence of 1 out of 3 bands

What is the primary difference between PrEP and PEP for HIV prevention?

A. PrEP is used for immediate post-exposure, while PEP is used for long-term prevention

B. PrEP is used before exposure to prevent HIV infection, while PEP is used after potential exposure to reduce the risk of infection

C. PrEP and PEP are the same, used interchangeably for any exposure

D. PrEP is a vaccine, while PEP is an antiviral treatment

B. PrEP is used before exposure to prevent HIV infection, while PEP is used after potential exposure to reduce the risk of infection