Agencies in Social Control

Flashcards about agencies in social control including, the police, CPS, the Judiciary System, Prisons, National Probation Service, Charities and pressure groups

What are some specialist police forces in the UK?

British Transport Police, Criminal Investigation Department (CID), drug squads, dog handlers, and counter terrorism.

Who deals with crimes such as tax evasion and tax fraud?

HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC).

What are the roles to consider when studying the police force?

Unarmed officers, Special Constables, PCSO and PCC's

What is role of the Police Community Support Officers (PCSO)?

Target antisocial behaviours in society such as littering and underage drinking.

What is the role of the Police Crime Commissioners (PCCs)?

Elected representatives of the people in an area, who hold Chief Constables to account for the performance of the police.

What is social control?

Getting people to conform to the norms and laws in a society.

When was Metropolitan Police founded?

Founded by Sir Robert Peel in 1829

What are the philosophies of the police?

Prevent crime and disorder, use physical force as a last resort, be impartial, cooperate with the public, and follow a code of ethics.

What are the aims of the police?

Maintain order, protect life and property, keep the peace, bring offenders to justice, and prevent and investigate crime.

What act gives police officers legal power to help them fulfill their duties?

Police and Criminal Evidence Act (1984).

Where does police funding come from?

Council taxes and central government.

What are the aims of the Crown Prosecution Service (CPS)?

Advise police in investigations, review evidence, prepare and present prosecution cases, and support victims and witnesses.

What is the 'Code for Crown Prosecution'?

It includes, Evidence test and Public interest test

Where does the CPS get funding from?

The government, court costs recovered from defendants, and confiscated assets from investigations.

Who is the head of the CPS?

The Director of Public Prosecutions.

What does the Judicial System refer to?

All the judges in the courts, across of the UK.

What values underpin the foundation of the CPS?

Honesty, openness, respect and professionalism

What is judicial independence?

Judges should be independent and not influenced by the government or other parties.

What are the aims of the Judicial system?

Ensure fairness, explain legal issues, summarise evidence, determine sentences, and rule on appeals.

Who recommends how much pay should be awarded to the judiciary?

The 'Senior Salaries Review Body'

What does 'security of tenure' mean?

Judges can only be removed from position via a petition to the Royal family and their salary is guaranteed.

Who do Superior judges rule?

Supreme Court, High Court and Court of Appeal.

Who do Inferior judges rule?

Crown Court.

What are the aims of prisons?

Protect the public, rehabilitate convicted offenders, and hold prisoners securely while their sentence is carried out.

Who is responsible for prisons?

HM Prison and Probation Service (HMPPS).

What happens when an offender is sentenced to prison?

Placed in a local prison, classified by their crime, and risk assessment is conducted before transfer to an appropriate prison in the UK.

What happens when prisoners do attempt to escape prison?

They are placed on an 'escape list', given visible uniforms, heavily handcuffed, and moved from cell to cell more frequently.

What is IEP?

Incentives and Earned Privileges start at a standard level for all prisoners but can be reduced or enhanced based on behavior.

Why was there a need to engage private contractors to support with the rehabilitation of offenders?

Too many offenders on probation in the UK

What are Charities and pressure groups?

Voluntary organizations that are independent from the government. Charities help those in need, whilst pressure groups organize campaigns for change.

What are the aims of NACRO (National Association for the Care and Rehabilitation of Offenders)?

To change views towards ex-offenders and stereotypical attitudes towards them.

What is the 'Ban the Box' campaign?

Aims to remove the requirement to declare previous criminal convictions from all job applications, as it can disadvantage ex-offenders.

What are the working practices of the NPS?

Prepare pre-sentence reports, manage approved premises, prepare and assess offenders for release, and prioritize the wellbeing of offenders in prison for over 12 months.