AP Euro - Unit 9

self determination

people/nations have right to determine political stattus

NATO

1949

u.s/democratic countries

stop communism and protect eachother

warsaw pact

1955

soviet union

spread communism and control eastern europe

iron curtain

symbolic/physical divide between western and eastern europe

berlin wall

built in 1961, fell in 1989

prevent east berlin from going to west

marshall plan

U.S economic aid to rebuild europe after WWII

truman doctrine

U.S providing assistance to countries resisting communism

detente

EASING of cold war tensions between U.S and soviet union

satellite nations

countries under soviet influence

cuban missile crisis

started because soviet union put nuclear missiles in cuba & u.s found out and got worried because cuba is close to america

u.s and soviet union almost went into war

soviet union removed missiles from cuba and u.s removed missiles from soviet union

space race

competition between u.s and soviet union to be first in space

soviet union launched suptnik 1, which was the first satellite & u.s caught up

allowed to develop new technology

korean war

fight between north korea (soviet union) and south korea (u.s)

north korea attacked south korea, so countries helped each other

vietnam war

fight between north vietnam and south vietnam

north vietnam wanted to make vietnam communist, south vietnam & u.s wanted to stop communism

u.s sent soldiers to help south vietnam, but u.s left & north vietnam won

non aligned movement

countries that didnt take sides during cold war & stayed neutral

general agreement on tariffs and trade (GATT)

international trade agreement to reduce tarrifs on goods

international monetary fund (IMF)

helped countries manage economies

world trade organization (WTO)

international group that helps countries trade easier and fairly, it replaced GATT

council for mutual economic assistance (COMECON)

economic organization created by soviet union to help communist countries economically

soviet bloc

nations of eastern europe that were close to soviet unio

planned economies

committee of communist party determined what was produced

ORDER of communist leaders

lenin - 1922

stalin - 1924

khruschev - 1953

brezhnev - 1964

gorbachev - 1985

khruschev

opposed destalinization, more freedom/economic reforms

gorbachev

economic reforms (perestroika) and freedom (glasnot)

these weakened soviet control, & USSR collapsed

glasnot

openess

perestroika

economic reforms

brezhnev

went back to stalin like policies

limited freedom, more weapons, stagnant economy

which leader allowed for fall of USSR

gorbachev

indian national congress

group in india advocating for independence

prague spring

social reform in czechoslovokia, shows soviet union doesnt allow for freedom in communist countries

welfare state

social benefits to all citizens

pensions/cradle to grave social welfare programs

amount of money paid for individuals after they retire

margaret thatcher

prime minister of britain, wanted to cut taxes and limit social welfare programs

rejected idea it was societys duty to protect citzens, and they do it themselves

second wave feminism

addressed personal issues of female such as family, jobs, and sexuality

simone de beauvoir

feminist who writes about need for women to be politically active and advocate for equality

mary robinson

first female president of ireland

national libertion front (FLN)

group in algeria that fought for independence from france and to be free

viet minh

group in vietnam that fought for independence from french rule

ho chi minh

leader of north vietnam (communist)

sukarno

declared independence for indonesia and ended parliamentary government

european union

group of countries that worked together economically and politically

established euro

brexit

britain exiting the european union

xenophobia

intense fear of people from other countries

freedom party of astria

argued for stricter controls on immigration and anti muslim

potsdam conference

meeting right after world war II

friedrich nietzche

said god is dead and how life had no purpose

dadaism

rejected traditional art, embraced randomness

surrealism

imagery and dreams

abstract expressionism

emotional expression through abstract ways

futurism

celebrated speed and modern life

cubism

objects with multiple perspectives

pop art

popular cultural art

treaty of maastricht

officially created europeam union