Chapter 6: Obsessive-Compulsive Disorders | Quizlet

What is the diagnostic criteria for Obsessive- Compulsive Disorder?

A. Presence of obsessions, compulsions, or both

B. The obsessions or compulsions are time-consuming (e.g., take more than 1 hour per day) or cause clinically significant distress or impairment in social, occupational, or other important areas of functioning.

C. The obsessive-compulsive symptoms are not attributable to the physiological effects of a substance (e.g., a drug of abuse, a medication) or another medical condition.

D. The disturbance is not better explained by the symptoms of another mental disorder

What is an obsession?

intrusive thoughts and images accompanied by anxiety

What is a compulsion>

repetitive actions or thoughts that help neutralize the obsessions; performed according to rigid rules

What differential diagnosis must we rule out to diagnose for OCD?

• normal obsessions and rituals of everyday life

• MDD --> dep preoccupations

• Body Dysmorphic Disorder --> intrusive neg thoughts about body parts

• GAD --> excessive but realistic worries about everyday things

• PTSD or Acute Stress Disorder --> rep mem of terrible event

• Anorexia Nervosa --> preoccupations about being fat

• Sub Dep --> intrusive cravings and thoughts about sub

• Paraphilic Disorders --> intrusive sexual thoughts

• Delusional Disorder --> obsessions that have turned into delusions

• Schizotypal Personality Disorder --> odd, eccentric thoughts but not exp as externally driven and intrusive

• Somatic Symptom Disorder --> intrusive worries about having a serious illness

Other conditions Characterized by Repetitive Behaviors That are Experienced as Outside One's Control

• Hair Pulling Disorder

• Tic Disorders

• Sub Dep

• Bulimia Nervosa --> repeated binges or purges

• Hoarding

• ASD --> stereotyped rituals

• Schizophrenia --> bizarre, disorg beh

• OC Personality Disorder --> rigid, perfectionist but no true O or C

What is the diagnostic criteria for Body Dysmorphic Disorder?

A. Preoccupation with one or more perceived defects or flaws in physical appearance that are not observable or appear slight to others.

B. At some point during the course of the disorder, the individual has performed repetitive behaviors (e.g., mirror checking, excessive grooming, skin picking, reassurance seeking) or mental acts (e.g., comparing his or her appearance with that of others) in response to the appearance concerns.

C. The preoccupation causes clinically significant distress or impairment in social, occupational, or other important areas of functioning.

D. The appearance preoccupation is not better explained by concerns with body fat or weight in an individual whose symptoms meet diagnostic criteria for an eating disorder

What differential diagnosis must we rule out to diagnose for Body Dysmorphic Disorder?

• Normal dissapointment in app

• Anorexia Nervosa

• Gender Dysphoria

• SAD

• MDD

• Delusional Disorder

What is the diagnostic criteria for Hoarding Disorder?

A. Persistent difficulty discarding or parting with possessions, regardless of their actual value.

B. This difficulty is due to a perceived need to save the items and to distress associated with discarding them.

C. The difficulty discarding possessions results in the accumulation of possessions that congest and clutter active living areas and substantially compromises their intended use. If living areas are uncluttered, it is only because of the interventions of third parties (e.g., family members, cleaners, authorities).

D. The hoarding causes clinically significant distress or impairment in social, occupational, or other important areas of functioning (including maintaining a safe environment for self and others).

E. The hoarding is not attributable to another medical condition

F. The hoarding is not better explained by the symptoms of another mental disorder

What differential diagnosis must we rule out to diagnose for Hoarding Disorder?

• OCD- clutter results from an obsession

• MDD- clutter is a consequence of the person's being slowed down or indifferent

• Schizophrenia- clutter comes from a delusion

• Dementia- person has poor judgment and is too disorganized to get rid of things

• ASD- collecting is a manifestation of stereotyped and restricted interests

What is the diagnostic criteria for Trichotillomania?

A. Recurrent pulling out of one's hair, resulting in hair loss.

B. Repeated attempts to decrease or stop hair pulling.

C. The hair pulling causes clinically significant distress or impairment in social, occupational, or other important areas of functioning.

D. The hair pulling or hair loss is not attributable to another medical condition (e.g., a dermatological condition).

E. The hair pulling is not better explained by the symptoms of another mental disorder

What differential diagnosis must we rule out to diagnose for Trichotillomania?

• Med causes of alopecia

• normal hair pulling

• other mental disorders- may be a response to a delusion is psychotic disorder

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