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13 Terms
Massachusetts
Settled by Puritans in 1630 for religious reasons; featured a mixed economy of small farms, fishing, and trade; used town meetings for local democracy.
Rhode Island
Founded by Roger Williams after banishment from Massachusetts; known for complete religious tolerance and separation of church and state.
Connecticut
Founded by Thomas Hooker; established the Fundamental Orders of Connecticut, an early written constitution; focused on mixed farming and trade.
New Hampshire
Originally a fishing and trading outpost; separated from Massachusetts as a royal colony in 1679.
Pennsylvania
Founded by William Penn as a Quaker 'Holy Experiment'; practiced religious freedom and fair treatment of Native Americans.
New York
Originally Dutch New Netherland before English takeover in 1664; featured a major port city (NYC) and a diverse trading economy.
New Jersey
Split into East and West Jersey before reuniting as a royal colony; ethnically and religiously diverse with fertile land for farming.
Delaware
Settled first by Swedish and Dutch traders; later controlled by Pennsylvania before becoming a separate colony.
Virginia
Founded in 1607 at Jamestown for profit; relied on tobacco and created the House of Burgesses, the first representative assembly; shifted from indentured servants to enslaved labor after Bacon’s Rebellion.
Maryland
Founded by Lord Baltimore as a safe haven for Catholics; passed the Act of Toleration protecting Christian worship; ran on a tobacco-plantation economy.
North Carolina
Settled largely by small-scale tobacco farmers and runaway servants from Virginia; grew into a plantation-style economy in the south.
South Carolina
Modeled after the sugar colonies of the West Indies; relied on slave labor to grow rice and indigo cash crops; had a majority-enslaved population early on.
Georgia
Founded in 1732 by James Oglethorpe as a buffer zone against Spanish Florida and a refuge for debtors; initially banned slavery and alcohol before turning into a rice plantation colony.